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<noinclude>'''For a wiki tutorial around writing and editing wiki pages, see the [[Wiki Tutorial]] page.'''


== A little history ==
'''This page is more a general introduction about wiki software.'''


== Wiki Wiki Web ==
'''As it is a wiki, feel free to edit it.'''
</noinclude>


1995, Ward Cunningham
__TOC__


"Portland Pattern Repository" and c2.com


* About speed, of moving from read to write
[[File:HNL Wiki Wiki Bus.jpg|500px|Wiki Wiki Bus]]
* Inspired by HyperCard (and HyperText)
 
== Software with an attitude ==


<blockquote>
<blockquote>
You're browsing a database with a program called Wiki Wiki Web. And the program has an attitude. The program wants everyone to be an author. So, the program slants in favor of authors at some inconvenience to readers.
Wiki wiki is the first Hawai'ian term I learned on my first visit to the islands. The airport counter agent directed me to take the wiki wiki bus between terminals. I said what? He explained that wiki wiki meant quick. I was to find the quick bus. I did pick up a book about the language before my return home. I learned many things from this but wiki wiki is the word that sticks the most.  
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
[https://web.archive.org/web/20080315215535/http://c2.com/doc/etymology.html Correspondence on the Etymology of Wiki, Ward Cunningham]
==Many wiki's==


Posted on the original "wiki", the [http://c2.com/ppr/ Portand Pattern Repository]; sadly the original seems to no longer be online
[[File:Wiki-wiki-web.png|thumb|right]]


== Which Wiki Was Which ==
There are many flavors of wiki software around, such as Dokuwiki, Tiddly Wiki, Zim wiki, etc: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wiki_software
 
Ward Cunningham initiated the [https://web.archive.org/web/20161202085732/http://wiki.c2.com/?WelcomeVisitors WikiWikiWeb] project, an early version of wiki software, in 1995. This wiki hosted the [http://c2.com/ppr/ "Portland Pattern Repository"].


<blockquote>
<blockquote>
"WikiWikiWeb" for a while referred to four things: the website hosted on c2.com, the software used to run it (written in Perl), and later any user-editable website (what is now known as a wiki), and any application used to run such a site (now known as wiki software). There was no greate distinction for the first five years or so between the code used to run a wiki and the content on it, partly becuase there was nearly a 1:1 correspondence between the two: many of the original wiki administrators were programmers, and they tended to create their own new, or modified, version of the software to run their own wikis. <ref name="Working with Mediawiki">Koren, p. 2</ref>
"WikiWikiWeb" for a while referred to four things: the website hosted on c2.com, the software used to run it (written in Perl), and later any user-editable website (what is now known as a wiki), and any application used to run such a site (now known as wiki software). There was no great distinction for the first five years or so between the code used to run a wiki and the content on it, partly becuase there was nearly a 1:1 correspondence between the two: many of the original wiki administrators were programmers, and they tended to create their own new, or modified, version of the software to run their own wikis.
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


== Wikipedia ==
Yaron Koren, Working with Mediawiki, p. 2 [http://workingwithmediawiki.com/ website]
* 2000 Jimmy Wales creates Nupedia, a failed attempt to create a free online encyclopedia
* Wales hires Larry Sanger to edit
* wikipedia.com launched January 15, 2001
* 2001: first subdomains for non-english (deutsche.wikipedia.com)
* August 2002 all content tranferred to wikipedia.org
* Wales and Sanger fall out
 
== Mediawiki ==
 
[http://mediawiki.org Mediawiki] is the software that runs Wikipedia, and the PZI wikis


<blockquote>
<blockquote>
UseModWiki, like most wiki software at the time, was the work of tinkerers: it was based on AtisWiki, which was based on CvWiki, which in turn was based on WikiWikiWeb, Cunningham's original application. And again, like most wiki software of the time, UseModWiki used flat text files to store all page revisions. ... In late 2001 Wales hired Magnus Manske, a German programmer and active Nupedia contributor, to rewrite the software in PHP, now storing edits in a MySQL database. <ref>Koren, p. 3</ref>
UseModWiki, like most wiki software at the time, was the work of tinkerers: it was based on AtisWiki, which was based on CvWiki, which in turn was based on WikiWikiWeb, Cunningham's original application. And again, like most wiki software of the time, UseModWiki used flat text files to store all page revisions. ... In late 2001 Wales hired Magnus Manske, a German programmer and active Nupedia contributor, to rewrite the software in PHP, now storing edits in a MySQL database.
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


== Links ==
Yaron Koren, Working with Mediawiki, p. 3 [http://workingwithmediawiki.com/ website]


Two kinds
Dive further → [http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Ward_Cunningham%2C_Inventor_of_the_Wiki.webm Interview with Ward Cunningham about the context of the Wiki Wiki Web]
* Internal (to other wiki pages)
* External


=== Internal ===
==MediaWiki==


<nowiki>
The software that we're using for the XPUB & Lens Based wiki is called [[MediaWiki]].
This sentence contains a link to [[another page]].
</nowiki>


You can customize the displayed text (label) by using a "pipe":
MediaWiki is free software licensed under the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License GPL], currently maintained by the [https://www.wikimedia.org/ WikiMedia Foundation], a non-profit who also takes care of a range of other wiki project, including Wikipedia, Wiki Commons and Wikidata.
<nowiki>
At first [[Mediawiki | the software]] used in wikipedia was written in [[PERL]].
</nowiki>


=== External ===
The software is made in such a way that you can relatively easily download and install a wiki on a server and run your own wiki.
* Use single square brackets
* No pipe, just a space to specific a label
* If no label is given, the link appears in "footnote" style [http://wikipedia.org]
* Raw URLs (that start with http://) will be made automatically clickable (http://wikipedia.org)


== [[Redlinks]] ==
== Software with an attitude ==


Significantly, wikis allow links to pages that do not (yet) exist. These are called "[[redlinks]]" (typically they appear in red to differentiate from "blue" normal links). In this was editors can write with links without knowing (or caring) if a given page exists. Redlinks can form a "potential page" or "todo" articles that when created in the future, will already be linked. Non-existent (redlink) Pages do display backlinks even before they are given any content (though they will not appear in [[Special:AllPages]], they can be seen via [[Special:WantedPages]])
<blockquote>
 
You're browsing a database with a program called Wiki Wiki Web. And the program has an attitude. The program wants everyone to be an author. So, the program slants in favor of authors at some inconvenience to readers.
== Citations ==
</blockquote>
Using the extension Cite, the wiki supports making proper academic style footnotes. It works by putting your reference directly into your text surrounded by the "ref" tag, e.g. <nowiki><ref>Yaron Koren, p. 3</ref></nowiki>
 
== Page History / diff ==
 
* SHOW
 
== Special:RecentChanges ==
 
[[Special:RecentChanges]]
 
== Special:AllPages ==
 
Special:AllPages gives an alphabetical listing of all pages. It's a kind of index.
 
[[Special:AllPages]]
 
== Redirect ==
 
Redirects add a bit of the thesaurus to the wiki. Redirects can be used to establish synonyms, and to specify a preferred title or term (the page that actually holds the content). Special pages (like the "index" Special:All pages) and functions like "Backlinks" respect redirects and generally show the preferred title.
 
== Moving pages ==
 
Move = (Copy and Paste) + (Redirect or Delete)
 
Move lets you effectively rename a page. By default, a move shifts content to the new title, and creates a redirect from the old title to the new one; in this way links to the old page will not break and will simply redirect to the correct page. In this way, a move is consistent with the wiki attitude of keeping history visible.
 
== Deleting pages ==
 
Deleting a page is also possible. Note however that a delete is simply a way of marking that page as deleted. While the title will no longer appear in search results or in Special:All pages, the page history can still be viewed.
 
== Notes / Citations ==
 
== HTML ==
* Simple tags are allowed by default, all tags when enabled
* HTML comments work too! <nowiki><!-- this is a comment --></nowiki>
 
== nowiki ==
 
HTML like tag that allows to include stuff that the wiki won't touch
 
== Transclusion ==
<nowiki>
{{:Name of page}}
</nowiki>
 
== Templates ==
 
Template = Transclusion + Substitution
 
* Parameters, Named and positional (demo)
* Parser Functions?
* includeonly, ...
 
== Categories ==
 
* <nowiki>[[Category: People]]</nowiki>
* Categories can themselves be tagged with categories to create hierarchies
* Extensions exist to make working with (hierarchical) categories easier
 
To link to a category page without tagging the current page with that category, add a colon at the start.
 
* See <nowiki>[[:Category:Fish]]</nowiki> produces [[:Category:Fish]].
 
== Variables ==
 
* <nowiki>{{CURRENTPAGE}}</nowiki>
* <nowiki>{{CURRENTTIME}}</nowiki>
* <nowiki>{{CURRENTUSER}}</nowiki>
* <nowiki>{{NUMBEROFPAGES}}</nowiki> ?
 
http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Magic_words#Variables
 
== Behavior switches ==


"Switches"
The quote above was posted on the original "wiki", the [http://c2.com/ppr/ Portand Pattern Repository]; sadly the original page where this quote comes from seems to no longer be online.
* <nowiki>__NOTOC__</nowiki>
* <nowiki>__NOINDEX__</nowiki>
* <nowiki>__HIDDENCAT__</nowiki> : don't show this category


Switches with parameters:
What kind of attitude, or attitudes, plural, is this quote referring to?


* DISPLAYTITLE: Set the proper title
There are many obviously, and they can be questioned and discussed.
* DEFAULTSORT: Tell the wiki how to order the page title


<nowiki>
Important about wiki's was the mode of '''collaboration''' it allowed for. According to Ward Cunningham ''People discovered that they can create something with other people, that they don't even know. But they come to trust and they make something that surprises them in terms of its value''.
{{DISPLAYTITLE:cat}}
</nowiki>


<nowiki>
* each page is a (non-templated) wiki page
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wales, Jimmy}}
* RecentChanges
</nowiki>
* New files
* View history
* User pages (+ User namespace)
* Random page (fun)
* reusable (mini) templates
* very customizable (what happened to our main page last upload preview feature???)


== Widgets ==
The wiki was made for '''speed and easiness of writing and publishing on the Web'''. And to be '''moving from read to write''' mode quickly.
<noinclude>
== Projects using wiki software ==
=== Annemieke van der Hoek: Epicpedia ===
[[File:Cramer-A-Brechtian-media-design.pdf]] Cramer, Florian. “A Brechtian Media Design: Annemieke van Der Hoek’s Epicpedia.” In Critical Point of View: A Wikpedia Reader, 221–25. Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2011. http://networkcultures.org/blog/publication/critical-point-of-view-a-wikipedia-reader/.
* [[Epicpedia]], [[Annemieke van der Hoek]] 2008


== Hacking MediaWiki ==
=== Shahee Ilyas: Framing Leaders ===
[[File:FramingLeaders01.png|600px]]


LINK TO PRESENTATION
[[File:Pzigradshow2007.ogv]]
* [[Framing Leaders]], [[Shahee Ilyas]], 2007, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Male-total.jpg]


* Userscripts as a quick way to start hacking MW.
=== Natasha Berting: Warnet ===
* Project website: https://hub.xpub.nl/warnet/
* Process documentation: [[User:Tash/grad_prototyping3]]


== Python: mwclient ==
[[File:Screen Shot 2019-06-05 at 17.52.22.png|500px]]
[[File:Screen Shot 2019-06-05 at 17.57.59.png|500px]]


mwclient is a python library that gives convenient access to a wiki (via the Mediawiki API)
=== James Bridle: The Iraq War: A History of Wikipedia Changelogs ===
'''[http://p-dpa.net/work/iraq-war-wikihistoriography/ The Iraq War: A History of Wikipedia Changelogs]''', James Bridle, collects the history of changes from the Wikipedia's article on The Iraq War between 2004 and 2009.


mwmclient can be installed with pip.
http://p-dpa.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/4931488183_1e005b7ae5_b.jpg
</noinclude>


pip install mwclient
=Further reading=


<source lang="python">
A good free online resource is Yaron Koren's [https://www.workingwithmediawiki.com/book/ Working with MediaWiki]. Yaron Koren is a contributor to the MediaWiki software community, particularly around integrating data and journalism (he's the primary author of the Cargo extension).
site = mwclient.Site("http://pzwart3.wdka.hro.nl", path="/mediawiki")
for page in site.allpages(namespace="Main", limit=500):
    print page.page_title, page.exists
</source>


<source lang="python">
Also, this interview series on '''wiki publishing''' by Publishing Lab team Cristina Cochior, Juan Gomez, Lucia Dossin and Sandra Fauconnier:
imgfile = open(imgpath, "rb")
site.upload(file=imgfile, filename=page.page_title)
imgfile.close()
</source>


== References ==
* [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research_on_e-books_with_Wikimedia_content/Interview_with_Anja_Groten_from_Hackers_and_Designers Wiki-as-documentation] with Anja Groten (Hackers & Designers)
* [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research_on_e-books_with_Wikimedia_content/Interview_with_Renee_Turner,_Andre_Castro,_Manufactura_Independente Wiki-as-wet-classification] with Renee Turner, Andre Castro & Manufactura Independente
* [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Research_on_e-books_with_Wikimedia_content/Interview_with_Mondotheque Wiki-as-Thinking-Machine] with Mondoteque (Femke Snelting, Alexia de Visscher, Natacha Roussel, Martino Morandi)


<references />
And, for those who want to take a deeper software archeology dive: the wiki was inspired by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HyperCard HyperCard] (and HyperText).

Latest revision as of 16:58, 9 September 2024

For a wiki tutorial around writing and editing wiki pages, see the Wiki Tutorial page.

This page is more a general introduction about wiki software.

As it is a wiki, feel free to edit it.



Wiki Wiki Bus

Wiki wiki is the first Hawai'ian term I learned on my first visit to the islands. The airport counter agent directed me to take the wiki wiki bus between terminals. I said what? He explained that wiki wiki meant quick. I was to find the quick bus. I did pick up a book about the language before my return home. I learned many things from this but wiki wiki is the word that sticks the most.

Correspondence on the Etymology of Wiki, Ward Cunningham

Many wiki's

Wiki-wiki-web.png

There are many flavors of wiki software around, such as Dokuwiki, Tiddly Wiki, Zim wiki, etc: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wiki_software

Ward Cunningham initiated the WikiWikiWeb project, an early version of wiki software, in 1995. This wiki hosted the "Portland Pattern Repository".

"WikiWikiWeb" for a while referred to four things: the website hosted on c2.com, the software used to run it (written in Perl), and later any user-editable website (what is now known as a wiki), and any application used to run such a site (now known as wiki software). There was no great distinction for the first five years or so between the code used to run a wiki and the content on it, partly becuase there was nearly a 1:1 correspondence between the two: many of the original wiki administrators were programmers, and they tended to create their own new, or modified, version of the software to run their own wikis.

Yaron Koren, Working with Mediawiki, p. 2 website

UseModWiki, like most wiki software at the time, was the work of tinkerers: it was based on AtisWiki, which was based on CvWiki, which in turn was based on WikiWikiWeb, Cunningham's original application. And again, like most wiki software of the time, UseModWiki used flat text files to store all page revisions. ... In late 2001 Wales hired Magnus Manske, a German programmer and active Nupedia contributor, to rewrite the software in PHP, now storing edits in a MySQL database.

Yaron Koren, Working with Mediawiki, p. 3 website

Dive further → Interview with Ward Cunningham about the context of the Wiki Wiki Web

MediaWiki

The software that we're using for the XPUB & Lens Based wiki is called MediaWiki.

MediaWiki is free software licensed under the GPL, currently maintained by the WikiMedia Foundation, a non-profit who also takes care of a range of other wiki project, including Wikipedia, Wiki Commons and Wikidata.

The software is made in such a way that you can relatively easily download and install a wiki on a server and run your own wiki.

Software with an attitude

You're browsing a database with a program called Wiki Wiki Web. And the program has an attitude. The program wants everyone to be an author. So, the program slants in favor of authors at some inconvenience to readers.

The quote above was posted on the original "wiki", the Portand Pattern Repository; sadly the original page where this quote comes from seems to no longer be online.

What kind of attitude, or attitudes, plural, is this quote referring to?

There are many obviously, and they can be questioned and discussed.

Important about wiki's was the mode of collaboration it allowed for. According to Ward Cunningham People discovered that they can create something with other people, that they don't even know. But they come to trust and they make something that surprises them in terms of its value.

  • each page is a (non-templated) wiki page
  • RecentChanges
  • New files
  • View history
  • User pages (+ User namespace)
  • Random page (fun)
  • reusable (mini) templates
  • very customizable (what happened to our main page last upload preview feature???)

The wiki was made for speed and easiness of writing and publishing on the Web. And to be moving from read to write mode quickly.

Projects using wiki software

Annemieke van der Hoek: Epicpedia

File:Cramer-A-Brechtian-media-design.pdf Cramer, Florian. “A Brechtian Media Design: Annemieke van Der Hoek’s Epicpedia.” In Critical Point of View: A Wikpedia Reader, 221–25. Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2011. http://networkcultures.org/blog/publication/critical-point-of-view-a-wikipedia-reader/.

Shahee Ilyas: Framing Leaders

FramingLeaders01.png

File:Pzigradshow2007.ogv

Natasha Berting: Warnet

Screen Shot 2019-06-05 at 17.52.22.png Screen Shot 2019-06-05 at 17.57.59.png

James Bridle: The Iraq War: A History of Wikipedia Changelogs

The Iraq War: A History of Wikipedia Changelogs, James Bridle, collects the history of changes from the Wikipedia's article on The Iraq War between 2004 and 2009.

4931488183_1e005b7ae5_b.jpg


Further reading

A good free online resource is Yaron Koren's Working with MediaWiki. Yaron Koren is a contributor to the MediaWiki software community, particularly around integrating data and journalism (he's the primary author of the Cargo extension).

Also, this interview series on wiki publishing by Publishing Lab team Cristina Cochior, Juan Gomez, Lucia Dossin and Sandra Fauconnier:

And, for those who want to take a deeper software archeology dive: the wiki was inspired by HyperCard (and HyperText).

Retrieved from "https://pzwiki.wdka.nl/mw-mediadesign/index.php?title=Wiki&oldid=271747"