Microcontroller 101
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09-04-2024 e̅l̅e̅c̅t̅r̅o̅n̅i̅c̅ ̅e̅n̅v̅i̅r̅o̅n̅m̅e̅n̅t̅s̅
https://pzwiki.wdka.nl/mw-mediadesign/images/7/7e/Cricket.mp4
sensors and actuators
introduction to Arduino
LOLIN 32 Installation party :~)
step 1: download Arduino software
step 2: download driver for microcontroller
step 3: install driver
_windows: open Device Manager >> find UART device >> right click and update driver >> select driver
Hello World!
void setup() {
}
void loop() {
Serial.println("Hello World!"); //sends a message to the computer
}
Simple Led blink example
int ledPin = 13; //the int ledPin is 13
void setup() {
pinMode(ledPin,OUTPUT); //ledPin is a OUTPUT
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(ledPin,HIGH); //turns pin 13 on
delay(500); //stops the loop for 500 milliseconds
digitalWrite(ledPin,LOW); //turns pin 13 off
delay(500); //stops the loop for 500 milliseconds
}
Traffic light example
int RedLedPin = 13; //the int RedLedPin is 13
int GreenLedPin = 12; //the int GreenLedPin is 12
void setup() {
pinMode(RedLedPin,OUTPUT); //ledPin is a OUTPUT
pinMode(GreenLedPin,OUTPUT); //ledPin is a OUTPUT
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(GreenLedPin,HIGH); //turns green led on
delay(5000); //stops the loop for 5000 milliseconds
for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++){ //this for loop gets 5 times repeated
digitalWrite(GreenLedPin,LOW); //turns green led off
delay(500); //stops the loop for 500 milliseconds
digitalWrite(GreenLedPin,HIGH); //turns green led off
delay(500); //stops the loop for 500 milliseconds
}
digitalWrite(GreenLedPin,LOW); //turns green led off
digitalWrite(RedLedPin,HIGH); //turns red led on
delay(5000); //stops the loop for 5000 milliseconds
digitalWrite(RedLedPin,LOW); //turns red led on
}
link your arduino sketches below
16-04-24 ⱤØ฿Ø₮Ⱬ
#include <CapacitiveSensor.h>
CapacitiveSensor sensor = CapacitiveSensor(8,11);
long raw;
void setup(){
sensor.set_CS_AutocaL_Millis(0xFFFFFFFF);
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("raw");
}
void loop(){
raw = sensor.capacitiveSensor(10);
Serial.println(raw);
delay(10);
}
Theremin
#include <CapacitiveSensor.h>
CapacitiveSensor sensor = CapacitiveSensor(8,11);
int speaker = 13; //connect a speaker between pin 13 and GND
long raw;
void setup(){
sensor.set_CS_AutocaL_Millis(0xFFFFFFFF);
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("raw");
}
void loop(){
raw = sensor.capacitiveSensor(10); //lowest 450 & highest 750
raw = min(raw, 750); //max value of raw is 750
raw = max(raw, 10); //min value of raw is 10
long speakerValue = map(raw,450,750,100,4000); //scales to value from 450 and 750 to 100 and 4000
tone(speaker,speakerValue); //plays the frequency (raw) on port 13(speaker)
Serial.print(raw);
Serial.print(" ");
Serial.println(speakerValue);
}
Capactive sensor as button
#include <CapacitiveSensor.h>
CapacitiveSensor sensor = CapacitiveSensor(8,11);
int speaker = 13;
long raw;
void setup(){
sensor.set_CS_AutocaL_Millis(0xFFFFFFFF);
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("raw");
}
void loop(){
raw = sensor.capacitiveSensor(10); //lowest 450 & highest 750
if(raw > 600){ //if raw is bigger than 600
Serial.println("touched"); //print "touched"
tone(speaker,440); //play a tone with 440 hz
delay(1000); //stop 1000 second
noTone(speaker); //stop playing the tone
}
delay(10);
}
Servo motor movement between 0 and 90 degrees
//this example controls a standard servo motor and moves it between 0 and 90 degrees
//the servo has three different wires
//the red wire is plus and connected to 5v
//the brown wire is minus and connected to GND
//the orange wire is the signal wire and connected to pin 3 (remember the ~-symbol - it means PWM)
#include <Servo.h>
Servo theServo;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
theServo.attach(3);
}
void loop() {
for(int i = 0; i < 90; i++){
theServo.write(i);
Serial.println(i);
delay(50);
}
for(int i = 90; i > 0; i--){
theServo.write(i);
Serial.println(i);
delay(10);
}
}
automatic trash can - servo motor connected capactive sensor
#include <Servo.h>
#include <CapacitiveSensor.h>
CapacitiveSensor sensor = CapacitiveSensor(8,11);
Servo theServo;
long raw;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
theServo.attach(3);
sensor.set_CS_AutocaL_Millis(0xFFFFFFFF);
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("raw");
}
void loop() {
raw = sensor.capacitiveSensor(10); //lowest 450 & highest 750
if(raw > 600){ //if raw is bigger than 600
open(); //do void open
delay(4000); //wait for 4 seconds
close(); //close void opne
}
}
void open(){
//open
for(int i = 0; i < 90; i++){ //count from 0 to 90
theServo.write(i); //move the servo from 0 to 90
Serial.println(i);
delay(50);
}
}
void close(){
//close
for(int i = 90; i > 0; i--){
theServo.write(i);
Serial.println(i);
delay(10);
}
}
trash can controlled by serial commands
//in this sketch the servo is controlled by serial commands from the computer
//if you send the letter "o" to the arudino it will execute "void open()"
//if you send the letter "c" to the arduino it will execute "void close()"
#include <Servo.h> //import the servo library
Servo theServo; //create a servo
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200); //serial connection
theServo.attach(3); //theServo is at port 3 (remeber the ~(PWM)-Symbol
}
void loop() {
if(Serial.available()){ //if there is a serial command comming
char command = Serial.read(); //read the serial command
if(command == 'o'){ //is the command and 'o'
open(); //do void open
}
if(command == 'c'){
close();
}
}
}
void open(){
//open
for(int i = 0; i < 90; i++){ //count from 0 to 90 with int i
theServo.write(i); //i is the servo position
Serial.println(i); //print the servo position to the serial monitor
delay(50); //wait for 50 milliseconds
}
}
void close(){
//close
for(int i = 90; i > 0; i--){
theServo.write(i);
Serial.println(i);
delay(10);
}
}
Potentiometer opening the trash can
//in this sketch the servo is controlled by an potentiometer
//a potentiometer is a variable resistor that can be changed by rotation
#include <Servo.h> //import the servo library
Servo theServo; //create a servo
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200); //serial connection
theServo.attach(3); //theServo is at port 3 (remeber the ~(PWM)-Symbol
}
void loop() {
int value = analogRead(A0); //read the analog pin A0 the value is between 0 and 1023
value = map(value,0,1023,0,180); //adjust value from 0 to 1023 to 0 and 180 because the servo works with degrees
theServo.write(value);
}
painting machine
//in this sketch one poti controls one servo
#include <Servo.h>
Servo jointOne;
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("start");
jointOne.attach(10);
}
void loop() {
int value = analogRead(A0);
value = map(value, 0, 1023, 0, 180);
jointOne.write(value);
delay(10);
}
Motor control
//connect the dc-motor to the motorshield motor port 1
//connect a external power source
#include <Adafruit_MotorShield.h>
Adafruit_MotorShield AFMS = Adafruit_MotorShield();
Adafruit_DCMotor *myMotor = AFMS.getMotor(1);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
AFMS.begin();
myMotor->setSpeed(200);
myMotor->run(RELEASE);
}
void loop() {
myMotor->run(FORWARD); //forward
myMotor->setSpeed(255); //max speed
delay(2000);
myMotor->run(RELEASE); //break
delay(2000);
myMotor->run(BACKWARD); //backward
myMotor->setSpeed(255); //max speed
delay(2000);
myMotor->run(RELEASE); //break
delay(2000);
}