The Individual within the Collective

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The Individual within the Collective: Virtual Ideology and the Realization of Collective Principles, Jan Fernback, (1996) Virtual Culture: Identity and Communication in Cybersociety ed. Steve Jones, Thousand Oacks: Sage Publications Ltd.

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Keywords: collective, computer-mediated communication, public sphere, counterpublics, virtual community, Gemainschaft, Gesellschaft, social contract, communications decancy act, virtual agora


Summary of key points raised in the text:

  • Like in the physical world, there are tensions between the individual and the collective in cyberspace.
  • CMC users assume that they can overcome the tyranny of geography through cyberspace.
  • Cyberspace has become a new arena for participation in public life - what agora was to the Greeks - an arena for political debate and education.
  • Habermas: the public sphere - cyberspace might serve as a public sphere similar to the coffee houses in 18th century France and Britain, where public debate was taking place.
  • Fraser's critiicism towards Habermas: Borgeois men dominated these public spheres where they practiced their own skills of governance.
  • Counterpublics (Fraser): gays, feminists, anarchists, and other factions tend to form in response to the dominant public spheres.


Discussion Notes & Afterthoughts: