User:Cristinac/TPNotes

quotes:

“Print-on-demand liberates artists from the oppressively expensive and laborious demands of traditional photobook publishing. Print-on-demand is fast, cheap, and light. It exists outside the power structures of publishers and distributors. Few people take it seriously and we are one of the few. We’re not interested in what the books smell like, how they’re bound, whether they’re embossed or printed on the finest papers on Earth. Those are luxuries we can live without. We’re interested in raw ideas and there is no better transporter for a great idea than a book. A single book if needs be. And with the internet, the ideas in that single book can go viral and reach millions in a split second. No need for proposals, book dummies, meetings, bank loans, trucks, boats, trains and planes to ship hundreds of kilos of heavy books across the world into warehouses and bookshops. A powerful idea expressed in a collection of pictures bound together for the price of a meal and placed online can bypass all of that.”

“Paleolithic cave paintings: ABC (Artists’ Books Cooperative) on the photobook”, interview with ABC (2014)

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If the user passes, that’s all they will need to do. If some doubt as to whether they are human or not remains, they will then be asked to fill in a Captcha form, which could involve clicking or tapping on cats or dogs instead of entering text into a box.

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/dec/04/no-more-infuriating-captcha-google-simply-asks-are-you-a-robot

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But owing to the way such documents are rendered, pdfs often give up machine readability in favour of human readability. The basic format doesn't include any requirement that text be selectable or searchable, while data presented as charts and tables is often impossible to export in any useable way. That then makes it impossible to mine the documents for the data they contain and so create databases of new information pulling together disparate sources. Despite efforts to create "pdf to html" converters, they still need human oversight to check for errors of interpretation.

http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/may/09/is-the-pdf-hurting-democracy

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What are the political possibilities of making information available? A thing that is scanned was already downloaded, in a sense. It circulated on paper, as widely as newspapers or as little as classified documents. And interfering with its further circulation is a time-honored method of keeping a population in check. Documents are kept private; printing presses shut down. Scanning printed material for internet circulation has the potential to circumvent some of these issues. Scanning means turning the document into an image, one that is marked by glitches and bearing the traces of editorial choices on the part of the scanner. Although certain services remain centralized and vulnerable to political manipulation, such as the DNS addressing system, and government monitoring of online behavior is commonplace, there is still political possibility in the aggregate, geographically dispersed nature of the internet. If the same document is scanned, uploaded, and then shared across a number of different hosts, it becomes much more difficult to suppress. And it gains traction by circulation.

Scans are raw material, not journalism. They offer support to a story and give the impression of truthfulness. Wikileaks, for example, benefits enormously from the expanse of the internet, allowing it to dump all of the information it makes available on its website, thus shifting the role of newspapers to no longer publish information, but rather, to organize it. As Julian Assange said, "It's too much; it's impossible to read it all, or get the full overview of all the revelations."

http://rhizome.org/editorial/2014/oct/9/unbound-politics-scanning/

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Image Recognition CAPTCHAs

1. The naming images CAPTCHA. The naming CAPTCHA presents six images to the user. If the user correctly types the common term associated with the images,the user passes the round.

2. The distinguishing images CAPTCHA. The distinguishing CAPTCHA presents two sets of images to the user. Each set contains three images of the same subject. With equal probability, both sets either have the same subject or not. The user must determine whether or not the sets have the same subject in order to pass the round.

3.The identifying anomalies CAPTCHA. The anomaly CAPTCHA presents six images to the user: five images are of the same subject, and one image (the anomalous image) shows a different subject. The user must identify the anomalous image to pass the test.

http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~tygar/papers/Image_Recognition_CAPTCHAs/imagecaptcha.pdf

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Computer vision* is the transformation of data from a still or video camera into either a decision or a new representation. All such transformations are done for achieving some particular goal. The input data may include some contextual information such as “the camera is mounted in a car” or “laser range finder indicates an object is 1 meter away”. The decision might be “there is a person in this scene” or “there are 14 tumor cells on this slide”. A new representation might mean turning a color image into a grayscale image or removing camera motion from an image sequence.