Exercise - Foucault + Deleuze

The means of correct training, Foucault.

"The disciplinary power is to train"- body and mind is transformed / shaped "is the specific technique of a power that regards individuals both as objects and as instruments of its exercise"

Disciplinary society uses the means of correct training by using the following techniques:

1. Hierarchical observation;
2. Normalizing judgement;
3. Examination

As for the hierarchical observation development of different surveillance techniques: technology: "building eyes that see without being seen", eg.: the telescope. Invisibility is the key! construction of observatories; spacial organization/ layout design for best "general visibility", military camp - is the ideal model / school - imperative principles; teachers as supervisors. hospital infrastructures. circular architecture panoptican Arc-et-Senans: "the perfect disciplinary apparatus would make it possible for a single gaze to see everything constantly" pyramid even more efficient: "to form an uninterrupted network- consequently the possibility of multiplying its levels, and of distributing them over the entire surface to be supervised" increase surveillance &/ consequently functionality. surveillance > economic operator (improving profit) : part of the labour process / industrialized system of production; "labour under the control of capital" / power "physics of power, the hold over the body, operate according to the laws of optics and mechanics"

As for normalizing judgement "power of the norm"= "homogeneity s the rule" definition of mass behavior / "universal recognized behavior/agreement" disciplinary punishment "involves a double juridico-natural reference": artificial (set by laws and regulations) & natural (defined by observable processes of the "norm"/ mainstream behavior / surroundings). "punish is to exercise"; repetition and insistence is required to best accomplish the corrective goal. another duality: gratification-punishment. "good & evil" "Rank in itself serves as a reward or punishment"- level/value of the individual in comparison to the others, via a classification system / categories / qualification. education =standardization of industrial processes "conform to the same model". - unity "The perpetual penalty that traverses all points and supervises every instant in the disciplinary institutions compares, differentiates, hierarchizes, homogenizes, excludes. In short, it normalizes"

As for the examination examination= "formation of knowledge & exercise of power" a combination of the strategies used at the previously analyzed matters of observation and normalization within our society. eg.: health care system/ Hospital. School/ education system: comparison/ measuring / judging "subjects" turned into "objects", examination being the "ceremony of this objectification". examination also serves as means to capture / trace / fix individuals > documentation / registration. "individual as a case". writing opens up two possibilities: "constitution of the individual as a describable, analyzable object"+ "constitution of a comparative system that made possible the measurement of overall phenomena, the description of groups, the characterizaton of collective facts, the calculation of gaps between individuals, their distribution in a given population"

power > produces reality > the truth.

"The individual is no doubt the fictitious atom of an ideological representation of society; but he is also a reality fabricated by this specific technology I have called discipline"

behavior is regulated. personality defined. individuality constructed to fit in a whole - collective - society.

Postscripts on the societies of control, Deleuze.

Deleuze explains how society shifted form a disciplinary living system to a control based one. analyses three feaures

1. Historical;
2. Logic;
3. Program.

As for historical

Disciplinary societies : "organization of vast spaces of enclosure" "the factory: to concentrate, to disribute in space, to orde in time, to compuse productive force within the dimension of space-time" Deleuze presents societies of control: replacing all above. delimitations are blurred, hard to map and outline, like a cloud. "forms of free floating control that replaced the old disciplines operating in the time frame of a close system" open environment "liberating and enslaving"

As for logic

"common language" - numerical language of control gives or denies access to information / to places; code - "the code is a password, while on the other hand the disciplinary societies are regulated by watchwords". "different control mechanisms" "controls are a modulation" "the factory is replaced by the corporation- corporation is a spirit".- group of people combined into or acting as one body. - one unique corpus. "perpetual training tends to replace the school, and continuous control to replace the examination" money once regarded as "blocks of gold" , now an unstable medium used as a measure of its value on the market. fluid and constantly in motion according to rates established by standard currencies. technological evolution turned old factory machines into a computerized system : "the societies of control operate with machines of a third type, computers, whose passive danger is jamming and whose active one is piracy and the introduction of viruses." corporations no longer focus on selling products, but on selling services and buying stocks, feeding the never-ending "HIGHER-order" production of capitalism, ruled by marketing strategies a

As for program

web electronic wire less system: encoded society. A network of related computer software, hardware, and data transmission devices. - invisible net tiding people together, converting them to code; humans converted into data. - "deformable and transformable"

organizing rooms, by public xml

rooms organization, by public xml