Scraping the Open Directory with Python: Difference between revisions

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<source lang="python">
<source lang="python">
import urllib2, html5lib, sys
url = sys.argv[1]
url = sys.argv[1]


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                     print ()</source>
                     print ()</source>


== Step 2: Dig into sub / related categories ==
== Step 2: Following links of related categories ==
The pages also contain links to sub- and related categories, if we want to follow these as well, we can...
The pages also contain links to sub- and related categories, if we want to follow these as well, we can...


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</source>
</source>


== Step 3: Scraping the links, Crawling to adjacent categories ==
== Step 3: Putting it all together ==


<source lang="python">
<source lang="python">
Line 157: Line 159:
== Output ==
== Output ==


When the code from step 3 is run, a la:
Performing the code from step 3...


  python crawl.py http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy
  python crawl.py http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy


It produces the following output. The problem is that the program actually can run for a very long time, after 5 minutes, the crawler has found over 2000 unique links and has moved to categories like Math History and Physics History. We Ctrl-C the program to stop it. A next step is to maybe think about when and how to stop the crawler, maybe after a certain number of links have been found, or perhaps limiting the number of steps to take away from the starting page.
... produces the output shown below. The program actually can run for a very long time, after 5 minutes, the crawler has found over 2000 unique links and has moved on to categories like Math History and Physics History. We use '''ctrl-c''' to stop the script and preventing it from crawling the entire dmoz website. A next step is to maybe think about when and how to stop the crawler; perhaps after a certain number of links have been found, or else by limiting the number of steps to take away from the starting page.


<source lang="text">
<source lang="text">

Latest revision as of 13:57, 17 June 2014

From the dmoz website:

DMOZ is the largest, most comprehensive human-edited directory of the Web. It is constructed and maintained by a passionate, global community of volunteers editors. It was historically known as the Open Directory Project (ODP).

Step 1: Extracting the links from a particular directory page

Let's start at a single page on dmoz, such as:

http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/

If you look into the source, we can see the structure around the URLs listed at the bottom of the page: 

<ul style="margin-left:0;" class="directory-url">
<li>
<a class="listinglink" href="http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/">Absolute Astronomy</a> 
- Facts and statistical information about planets, moons, constellations, stars, galaxies, and Messier objects.
<div class="flag"><a href="/public/flag?cat=Science%2FAstronomy&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.absoluteastronomy.com%2F"><img title="report an issue with this listing" alt="[!]" src="/img/flag.png"></a></div>
</li>

import urllib2, html5lib, sys

url = sys.argv[1]

f = urllib2.urlopen(url)
src = f.read()
tree = html5lib.parse(src, namespaceHTMLElements=False)

for div in tree.findall(".//ul"):
    if "directory-url" in div.get("class", "").split():
        for li in div.findall("li"):
            for a in li.findall("a"):
                if "listinglink" in a.get("class", "").split():
                    linkurl = a.get("href")
                    linkdescription = a.tail.strip().strip("-").strip()
                    print (linkurl)
                    print ("\t"+linkdescription.encode("utf-8"))
                    print ()

Step 2: Following links of related categories

The pages also contain links to sub- and related categories, if we want to follow these as well, we can...

Conceptually, we add a notion of a "to do" list, for URLs we still want to check, and then a "seen" list for remembering where we've already been. The seen list is actually more efficient to implement as a python dictionary where we "add" a URL by using the URL as a key value which points to True (it doesn't actually matter what value is assigned in the example). 

<div class="dir-1 borN">
    <span><img style="height:2px;float:left;width:100%" src="http://o.aolcdn.com/os/dmoz/img/dividerN.gif"></span>
    <ul class="directory dir-col">
        <li class="">
            <a href="/Science/Anomalies_and_Alternative_Science/Astronomy%2C_Alternative/">Alternative</a>@ 
            <em>(72)</em>
        </li>

from __future__ import print_function
import urllib2, html5lib, sys
from urlparse import urljoin

url = sys.argv[1]

todo = [url]
seen = {}

while len(todo) > 0:
    url, todo = todo[0], todo[1:]
    if url not in seen:
        f = urllib2.urlopen(url)
        print("VISITING", url)
        seen[url] = True
        src = f.read()
        tree = html5lib.parse(src, namespaceHTMLElements=False)

        # Extract links
        print ("LINKS")
        for div in tree.findall(".//ul"):
            if "directory-url" in div.get("class", "").split():
                for li in div.findall("li"):
                    for a in li.findall("a"):
                        if "listinglink" in a.get("class", "").split():
                            linkurl = a.get("href")
                            linkdescription = a.tail.strip().strip("-").strip()
                            print (linkurl)
                            print ("\t"+linkdescription.encode("utf-8"))

        # Follow the related category pages
        print ("RELATED")
        for div in tree.findall(".//ul"):
            if "directory" in div.get("class", "").split():
                for li in div.findall("li"):
                    for a in li.findall("a"):
                        suburl = a.get("href")
                        suburl = urljoin(url, suburl)
                        description = a.text.strip()
                        print (suburl)
                        print ("\t"+description.encode("utf-8"))
                        if suburl not in seen:
                            todo.append(suburl)

        print ()

Step 3: Putting it all together

from __future__ import print_function
import urllib2, html5lib, sys
from urlparse import urljoin


url = sys.argv[1]

todo = [url]
seen = {}
links = {}

while len(todo) > 0:
    url, todo = todo[0], todo[1:]
    if url not in seen:
        f = urllib2.urlopen(url)
        print("VISITING", url)
        seen[url] = True
        src = f.read()
        tree = html5lib.parse(src, namespaceHTMLElements=False)

        # Extract links
        for div in tree.findall(".//ul"):
            if "directory-url" in div.get("class", "").split():
                for li in div.findall("li"):
                    for a in li.findall("a"):
                        if "listinglink" in a.get("class", "").split():
                            linkurl = a.get("href")
                            linkdescription = a.tail.strip().strip("-").strip()
                            if linkurl in links:
                                print ("already seen", linkurl)

                            # Record the link
                            links[linkurl] = linkdescription

        # Follow the related category pages
        for div in tree.findall(".//ul"):
            if "directory" in div.get("class", "").split():
                for li in div.findall("li"):
                    for a in li.findall("a"):
                        suburl = a.get("href")
                        suburl = urljoin(url, suburl)
                        description = a.text.strip()
                        if suburl not in seen:

                            # Add the suburl to the todo list
                            todo.append(suburl)

        print ("links", len(links.keys()))

Output

Performing the code from step 3... 

python crawl.py http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy

... produces the output shown below. The program actually can run for a very long time, after 5 minutes, the crawler has found over 2000 unique links and has moved on to categories like Math History and Physics History. We use ctrl-c to stop the script and preventing it from crawling the entire dmoz website. A next step is to maybe think about when and how to stop the crawler; perhaps after a certain number of links have been found, or else by limiting the number of steps to take away from the starting page. 

VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy
links 20
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Anomalies_and_Alternative_Science/Astronomy%2C_Alternative/
links 39
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Archaeology/Topics/Archaeoastronomy/
links 94
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/Astrophysics/
links 128
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Calendars_and_Timekeeping/
links 154
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/
links 170
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Issues/Environment/Light_Pollution/
links 221
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Eclipses%2C_Occultations_and_Transits/
links 221
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Extrasolar_Planets/
links 250
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Extraterrestrial_Life/
links 258
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Galaxies/
links 280
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Interstellar_Medium/
links 285
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/
links 320
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Star_Clusters/
links 322
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Stars/
links 347
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Academic_Departments/
links 355
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/
already seen http://www.sundial.thai-isan-lao.com/
links 388
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Astronomers/
links 405
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Data_Archives/
links 448
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Directories/
already seen http://www.cosmobrain.com/
links 457
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Education/
already seen http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/heavenly.shtml
already seen http://www.windows2universe.org/
links 490
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/History/
links 531
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Recreation/Humor/Science/Astronomy/
links 536
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Images/
links 575
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/In_the_Arts/
already seen http://www.lindahall.org/events_exhib/exhibit/exhibits/stars/index.html
links 578
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/News_and_Media/
links 601
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Organizations/
already seen http://planetary.org/
links 619
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Personal_Pages/
links 676
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Popular_Topics/
links 676
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Products_and_Services/
links 676
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Publications/
links 677
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Regional/
links 677
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Research_Groups_and_Centers/
already seen http://aa.usno.navy.mil/
links 711
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Shopping/Recreation/Science_and_Nature/Astronomy/
links 721
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Software/
links 738
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/News_and_Media/Weblogs/
links 743
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/People/Women/Science_and_Technology/Astronomy/
links 752
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Observatories/
links 807
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Planetariums/
links 807
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Kids_and_Teens/School_Time/Science/Astronomy_and_Space/
already seen http://www.iau.org/
already seen http://www.pbs.org/deepspace/
already seen http://planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov/
already seen http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/universe/
already seen http://www.space.com/
already seen http://library.thinkquest.org/C0110484/
already seen http://www.windows2universe.org/
links 859
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Earth_Sciences/Atmospheric_Sciences/Atmospheric_Physics/
links 882
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/
links 896
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Technology/Space/
links 907
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Anomalies_and_Alternative_Science/Astronomy%2C_Alternative/Cosmology/
links 953
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Mars/Life_on_Mars/
links 961
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Anomalies_and_Alternative_Science/Astronomy%2C_Alternative/Planetary_Anomalies/
links 964
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Anomalies_and_Alternative_Science/Astronomy%2C_Alternative/Sirius_and_the_Dogon/
links 968
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Anomalies_and_Alternative_Science/Geology%2C_Alternative/Velikovsky%2C_Immanuel/
links 976
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/
already seen http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/
already seen http://aa.usno.navy.mil/
already seen http://astronomicaloptical.blogspot.com/
already seen http://www.astrosociety.org/education/resources/pseudobib.html
already seen http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Astronomy
already seen http://casswww.ucsd.edu/public/astroed.html
already seen http://www.funtrivia.com/ql.cfm?cat=59
already seen http://www.pd.astro.it/E-MOSTRA/A0000HOM.HTM
already seen http://astronomyonline.org/
already seen http://www.astronomytoday.com/
already seen http://www.cv.nrao.edu/fits/www/astronomy.html
already seen http://www.atlasoftheuniverse.com/
already seen http://www.cosmosportal.org/
already seen http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/astronomy/
already seen http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/ir_tutorial/
already seen https://www.lifereader.com/research-articles/logarithmic-maps-of-the-universe
already seen http://muse.univ-lyon1.fr/
already seen http://www.nmm.ac.uk/server/show/conWebDoc.309
already seen http://universe-review.ca/
already seen http://jumk.de/astronomie/astronomy.shtml
links 976
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Archaeology/Periods_and_Cultures/Mesoamerican/Aztec/Calendar/
links 979
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Archaeology/Topics/Archaeoastronomy/Mayan/
links 984
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Archaeology/Topics/Archaeoastronomy/Stonehenge/
links 989
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Archaeology/Alternative/Archaeoastronomy/
already seen http://www.archaeoastronomy.com/
links 1006
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Archaeology/Archaeologists/Archaeoastronomers/
links 1009
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Archaeology/Topics/Archaeoastronomy/Conferences/
links 1011
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Social_Sciences/Archaeology/Topics/Archaeoastronomy/Journals/
links 1015
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/Relativity/Black_Holes/
links 1034
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Stars/Neutron_Stars/
already seen http://www.bigear.org/vol1no1/burnell.htm
links 1053
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Stars/Stellar_Evolution/
links 1061
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Software/Computational_Astrophysics/
links 1077
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/Astrophysics/Research_Groups_and_Centers/
already seen http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/hco/
already seen http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/
already seen http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/sao/
links 1091
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/Nuclear/
links 1112
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/Particle/Astro_Particle/
links 1113
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Time/Clocks_and_Watches/
links 1118
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Reference/Standards/Individual_Standards/ISO/ISO_8601/
links 1159
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Earth/Moon/Phases/
links 1176
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Calendars_and_Timekeeping/Sundials/
links 1195
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Sun/Sunrise_and_Sunset_Times/
links 1204
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Kids_and_Teens/School_Time/Science/Astronomy_and_Space/Time/
already seen http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html
already seen http://americanhistory.si.edu/ontime/
links 1224
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Time/
already seen http://www.hermetic.ch/cal_stud.htm
already seen http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/HistTopics/Time_1.html
already seen http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-time.html
already seen http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4572036
links 1238
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Sky_Calendars/
already seen http://www.sky-watch.com/
links 1248
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Technology/Metrology/
links 1252
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Holidays/Calendars_and_Lists/
links 1279
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Cosmic_Background_Radiation/
links 1287
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Cosmological_Constant_and_Dark_Energy/
links 1291
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Dark_Matter/
links 1310
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Earliest_Universe/
links 1312
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Inflation/
links 1315
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Large-Scale_Structure/
links 1318
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Nucleosynthesis/
links 1320
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Topological_Defects/
links 1326
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Articles/
links 1332
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Courses_and_Tutorials/
links 1334
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/History/
links 1336
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Research_Groups/
links 1342
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Cosmology/Software/
links 1344
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/Relativity/
already seen http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/gr/public/
links 1365
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Issues/Environment/Light_Pollution/Chats_and_Forums/
links 1369
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Issues/Environment/Light_Pollution/News_and_Media/
links 1384
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Technology/Lighting/
links 1400
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Issues/Environment/Light_Pollution/Opposing_Views/
links 1400
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Issues/Environment/Light_Pollution/Regulation/
links 1400
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Issues/Environment/Energy/
links 1442
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Issues/Environment/Pollution/
links 1445
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Eclipses%2C_Occultations_and_Transits/Eclipses/
links 1472
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Eclipses%2C_Occultations_and_Transits/Occultations/
already seen http://www.occultations.org/
links 1474
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Eclipses%2C_Occultations_and_Transits/Transits/
links 1483
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/History/Eclipses%2C_Occultations_and_Transits/
links 1488
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Products_and_Services/Expeditions/
links 1494
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Technology/Space/Missions/Unmanned/Deep_Space/Kepler/
links 1495
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Extraterrestrial_Life/Exobiology/
links 1518
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Extraterrestrial_Life/Fermi%27s_Paradox/
links 1529
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Extraterrestrial_Life/Panspermia/
already seen http://www.panspermia.org/
links 1533
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Extraterrestrial_Life/SETI/
links 1549
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Society/Paranormal/UFOs/
links 1578
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Galaxies/Active_Galactic_Nuclei_-_Quasars/
already seen http://charles_w.tripod.com/quasar.html
links 1584
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Galaxies/Milky_Way/
already seen http://mwmw.gsfc.nasa.gov/
links 1592
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Deep_Sky_Observing/
already seen http://arpgalaxy.com/
already seen http://www.webbdeepsky.com/
links 1610
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Interstellar_Medium/Emission_Nebulae/
links 1611
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Interstellar_Medium/Planetary_Nebulae/
links 1616
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Interstellar_Medium/Reflection_Nebulae/
links 1617
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Earth/
links 1626
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Jupiter/
links 1637
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Mars/
links 1666
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Mercury/
links 1676
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Neptune/
links 1686
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Dwarf_Planets/Pluto_and_Charon/
links 1697
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Saturn/
links 1711
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Sun/
already seen http://solar-center.stanford.edu/
links 1734
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Earth/Moon/
links 1749
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Uranus/
links 1757
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/Venus/
links 1769
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Asteroid_Belt/
links 1769
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Small_Bodies/
links 1792
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Dwarf_Planets/
links 1792
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Kuiper_Belt/
links 1810
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Oort_Cloud/
links 1811
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Planets/
already seen http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/
links 1814
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Solar_System_Observing/
links 1815
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Solar_System/Conferences/
links 1815
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Data_Archives/Solar_System/
already seen http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/
links 1817
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/History/Solar_System/
already seen http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/Neptune_and_Pluto.html
links 1821
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Technology/Space/Missions/
links 1829
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Star_Clusters/Globular_Clusters/
links 1831
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Star_Clusters/Open_Clusters/
links 1832
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Stars/Binary_Stars/
already seen http://www.phys.lsu.edu/astro/nap98/bf.final.html
links 1842
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Stars/Dwarf_Stars/
links 1849
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Stars/Names/
links 1853
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Stars/Novae_and_Supernovae/
already seen http://chandra.harvard.edu/press/01_releases/press_011001.html
links 1863
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Stars/Variable_Stars/
already seen http://www.aavso.org/
links 1869
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Sky_Maps_and_Atlases/
already seen http://www.lindahall.org/events_exhib/exhibit/exhibits/stars/index.html
links 1892
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Data_Archives/Stellar_and_Astrometric/
already seen http://ad.usno.navy.mil/wds/dsl.html
links 1898
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Shopping/Recreation/Science_and_Nature/Astronomy/Space_Novelties/Star_Names/
links 1903
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/
links 1903
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Academic_Departments/
links 1912
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Amateur_Contributions_to_Science/
already seen http://mbond.free.fr/
links 1917
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Amateur_Telescope_Making/
links 1942
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Astrophotography_and_CCD_Imaging/
already seen http://www.astropix.com/
links 1988
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Beginners/
already seen http://home.pcisys.net/~astrogirl/
links 2016
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Binocular_Astronomy/
links 2023
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Constellations/
already seen http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/
links 2034
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Observatories/
already seen http://mysite.verizon.net/vzeed81b/
already seen http://www.grimee.com/
links 2044
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Radio_Astronomy/
already seen http://www.bigear.org/
links 2056
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Satellites/
already seen http://www.planet4589.org/space/jsr/jsr.html
already seen http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/realdata/sightings/
links 2062
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Spectroscopy/
already seen http://www.spectrashift.com/
links 2066
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Star_Parties/
links 2087
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Telescope_Owner_Resources/
links 2105
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Chats_and_Forums/
links 2117
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Classifieds/
links 2122
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Events/
links 2125
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Organizations/
links 2126
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Product_Reviews/
already seen http://www.scopereviews.com/
links 2131
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Data_Archives/Supernovae_and_Remnants/
already seen http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/surveys/snrs/
already seen http://www.rochesterastronomy.org/snimages/
links 2136
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Amateur/Organizations/Directories/
links 2138
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Directories/
links 2163
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Technology/Space/NASA/Education/
already seen http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/
already seen http://origins.stsci.edu/
already seen http://cse.ssl.berkeley.edu/SegwayEd/index.html
already seen http://www.windows2universe.org/
links 2241
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Observatories/Teaching_and_Public/
links 2254
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Products_and_Services/Stargazing_Events/
links 2256
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Software/Education_and_Multimedia/
links 2267
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/Products_and_Services/Educational_Resources/
links 2276
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Shopping/Entertainment/Recordings/Video/Science/
links 2284
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/Education/
already seen http://microgravity.grc.nasa.gov/DIME.html
already seen http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/Numbers/Math/Mathematical_Thinking/index.htm
already seen http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/
links 2363
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Technology/Space/Education/
already seen http://www.challenger.org/
already seen http://www.phy6.org/stargaze/Sintro.htm
links 2380
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/History/Instruments/
links 2384
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/History/Observatories/
links 2387
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/History/People/
already seen http://www.astrosociety.org/education/resources/womenast_bib.html
links 2397
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Astronomy/History/Worldviews/
links 2408
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Math/History/
links 2436
VISITING http://www.dmoz.org/Science/Physics/History/
links 2474
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