User:Alexander Roidl/everything

Sorting ideas out

The Language of Images

Bag of Features

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGZpJZhqEME&index=19&list=PLd3hlSJsX_Imk_BPmB_H3AQjFKZS9XgZm

• Things that we can not explain with only words anymore, there is no language for it.

(drone shadows, making it visible)

• How can we describe images? Features in machine learning
• Flusser > image reduced to 0 dimensions > abstraction of reality

• A (visual) language to make the computers see the world as humans do
• Augmentation for machines (labels for images, target patterns, recognition overlay)
  • do we need these labels? how can they be useful to us?
  • why visualise them, if it is only for computers?

Image Aesthetics

Machine Learning Algorithms rating image aesthetics

Paper: Rating Image Aesthetics using Deep Learning by Xin Lu, Zhe Lin, Hailin Jin, Jianchao Yang, and James. Z. Wang

So what does aesthetic mean for an algorithm? Is it just categorisation? Therefore: what is in the dataset? -> making art that pleases the machine -> how can the algorithm be convinced by art? (new criteria for aesthetic)

https://www.e-flux.com/journal/10/61362/in-defense-of-the-poor-image/

https://petapixel.com/2016/05/31/trained-algorithm-predict-makes-beautiful-photo/

Artificial Intelligence

Machine Learning as intervention in human vision / Augmented Reality

(Is it augmented reality if what we see is not real? Maybe it is more intervened reality)

ml algorithms in smartphone cameras

• real time intervention in reality
• Overlapping of recognition (faces / boxes)

Reverse engineering neural networks

• As a way to understand
• Experiments to find borders of complex algorithms
• Reconstructing algorithms

• Reverse engineering face detection: http://sterlingcrispin.com/data-masks.html
• Hiding faces for CV https://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/04/22/face_detection_hacking/

Databases (Images)

• https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~kriz/cifar.html
• http://www.image-net.org/
• http://cocodataset.org/#explore
• http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/
• http://host.robots.ox.ac.uk/pascal/VOC/
• http://academictorrents.com/details/71631f83b11d3d79d8f84efe0a7e12f0ac001460

Art with algorithms

Artworld

• http://obvious-art.com/about-us.html
• https://twitter.com/DrBeef_/status/1055285640420483073 (copied from)
• https://superrare.co/market Market for selling digital art

ml art

http://blog.otoro.net/2015/06/19/neural-network-generative-art/

what happens without training? → direct visualisation of the algorithms (the algorithm is the art)

Computer Vision

Irritating / Failing AI

https://guce.oath.com/collectConsent?brandType=nonEu&.done=https%3A%2F%2Ftechcrunch.com%2F2018%2F01%2F02%2Fthese-psychedelic-stickers-blow-ai-minds%2F%3Fguccounter%3D2&sessionId=3_cc-session_38e499bc-d741-43ac-b7d3-435b8e0bc6db&lang=&inline=false

Stock image platforms

also interesting with their stamp on it

The computational model

From the database the computer is being trained. While feeding these datasets into huge models we lose sight of it's connections, that make sense for only the computer now on. A model that tries to describe reality in order to generate, to analyze or predict.

I want to put a special focus on generative models and discriminative models of the world.

While these models simplify reality by trying to calculate probabilities and reduce to features, in the same time it makes reality more complicated. These computed models are black boxes. Mostly it is even impossible to see the data it is being trained on.

From features to reduced reality

So an image is being reduced to its most contrasting points, to its pixels that hold a certain array of color values. But what is it that makes an image? If I was to describe an image, I wouln't say: Oh, there is some contrast going on in the left corner, lots of brightness in the middle and

A sentence is being reduced to its words and connections. But can we describe the value of a sentence by only this features?

Training against myself

It becomes even weirder when we look at algorithms that create models by learning from themselves. So we do not only encounter the problem of creating an abstract model, even the database, that otherwise enables us to gather insights on why models act how they act, is incomplete.

How models are built

• model is built by computer scientists
• often incomplete / lacking / biased databases
• selecting features > generalizing

unsemantic everything

Semantic sorting can be filtered trough models > Unsemantic web

Models turn chaos into sense (for a machine)

Bending the model - an experimental approach in understanding

How can we understand machine learning models by their mistakes and missunderstandings

> what can we learn from that different view on reality?

How can we bring models to fail or to its limits, how can you abuse them?

new aesthetics

computer vision

How visual material becomes more important in order to understand these technologies

Errors in images > what do they mean?

Image Manipulation: Small things that we cannot see, but computers can. (Clones image zones) https://theblog.adobe.com/spotting-image-manipulation-ai/

Invisible for humans

Main question: what makes these aesthetics so different from

What is new and what is old?

New Algorithmic Form

How does machine learning change the generation of form and image. What are the implications on culture and art production through those generated forms. Side question: what makes these new aesthetics so different from the old?

Art Historical Context

Relation to Production of Art and generation through algorithm. (Walter Benjamin -> from mechanical reproduction to digital production. Art is not only reproduced by machines but it is purely produced by them)

On Computer Vision

Visibility

What is visible / invisible for machines / humans.

• Image Manipulation: Small things that we cannot see, but computers can. (Clones image zones) https://theblog.adobe.com/spotting-image-manipulation-ai/
• Satellite Target images
• Weather satellite imagery

Making visible as form of understanding.

• images with bounding boxes

Error images as understanding, when you cant see the model anymore.

Changable images

• (Emojis render differently on every device)
• Giving just the information of what it is > image
• Personalised images through machine learning?

Prototyping ideas

the new generator

endless images can be produced by ml generators (not show them to audience)

I'm just guessing

neural network that guesses, and tries to learn but doesn’t quite succeed.

Every image ever

constantly changing image that would generate every image ever that is possible with that set of pixels

(an image recognition algorithm could run over it and save all images that contain something)

new earth

Generate new images from satellite imagery

endless production

producing endless material (removing it after to free resources / endless snapchat)

reverse engineering

Text to image: generate random sentences and apply to network (see which images result from it)

http://imagenet.xyz/euronet/

Software Arts and Generative Arts

From semi-random outputs to art that integrates software as the artwork itself

Resources

Neural Networks

• http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com/chap1.html
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aircAruvnKk Learning NN
• http://ml4a.github.io/ Machine Learning for Artists

Fiction

• Solaris

Software Arts

• runme.org