User:Joak/rwrm3-joak/writing-machine

manual for a cnc machine - based on a makrov chain - data is from a diy cnc manual

and MDF Parts For the work on your router. There’s no need to be chamfered to hold the cross dowels (barrel nuts) TIP Cross dowels can sometimes be slightly expensive when purchased individually. You’ll be using a slot head. • Forstner drill bits in various sizes • Brad point drill bits: Forstner bits (see Figure 2-1) are extremely accurate. • Tape measure: This tool is used to bolt down the bolt. This may seem a little wiggle room for the purposes of testing your new machine. 208 C H A P T E R 14 Z-Axis, Part 2 In Chapter 4 will provide you with a test by entering some G-Code to spin one of the router you use your machine in your garage, basement, or workshop. It would be difficult to find, but if this is to trim them to your desktop. You’ll see a list of tools, but it’s certainly not exhaustive. There are two more bearing-rail assemblies (BRAs). The instructions for two of them, each 7"×8 13/32" in size. These parts are mounted, their respective holes will be more careful measuring and drilling of parts for the time you’re done following this book’s instructions and building your CNC machine’s MDF parts you will connect the breakout board and connect the legs to the PUL+ (+5V) terminal on the top and bottom sheets at the part letter in a cool, dry location and avoid putting it under or near any source of condensation or leaks. Water will cause the z-axis frame Parts A and has a small 45 degree surface. This angled surface will allow you to support a bearing that will hold bearings and screwed into the surface hole. 41 CHAPTER 5 JOINING METHODS Figure 5-6. 39 CHAPTER 5 Joining Methods If the title of the CNC plans. Figure 8-8 shows the cross dowels—that’s fine. You may like method 1 except that you cannot rotate the motor shaft). Figures 17-5, 17-6, and 17-7 all show the final CNC machine’s MDF parts you will drill here must be measured, as indicated in the next few chapters; these are Parts G, H, I, J, K, and L. Although all the wiring, power everything off and check that you’ve wired them up properly and that Part C Figure 13-7. Parts C and D will be cutting and drilling so you don’t care if your CNC machine’s router. CAD software all over the MDF Parts Layout 1 and MDF Parts Layout 1 PDF file. You can see that Parts A and B cut and trimmed to proper length (distance between Parts W and X, or the two pieces of MDF. The remaining part of this work, neither the author(s) nor Apress shall have any liability to any loss or damage it by accidentally hitting it with other MDF parts. We’ll start with the 7/16" holes that you pinch over you nose. It will prevent your breath from exiting the top edge, there’s not much you can keep the small metal template. Figure 10-10. Drilling pilot holes and a completed BRAs for the inserted bolts to sit just below the surface. For our CNC machine, so we’ll jump right into it. Figure 18-2. Skip this step when installing Mach3. The installation will also allow you to trim Parts O and through Part E bolted to the breakout board and connect them from under the table and cut. Summary of Work ................................................................................................................... 181 Hardware Required ................................................................................................................. 181 What’s Next? ............................................................................................................................. 21 ■Chapter 4: Movement Using Rails .................................................................................... 23 Bearing-Rail Assembly Follow along by carefully examining this section’s figures, and we’ll walk you through each of the line, to the material for cutting the parts smoothly on their end that will hold bearings and will help you here, call them over. You’re going to use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a three-dimensional carving machine that you’re going to hear that used in your work even easier. Just keep in mind that you’ve wired them up properly Building BRAs for short. Figure 4-13. A rail and lead screws. • Mitre box: This is specialized software that allows you to draw these marks before you begin drilling any holes, we’d like to use, but we favor one in the Part Letter(s) column of the EStop value to 1 to indicate the surface that will be used to cut away enough MDF material to leave enough room on the surface of Part Y, and Zero Z buttons to reset the initial values for all three pieces. If you look carefully at Figure 11-2; it shows Part C and D clamped to the front and back of Part O. Figure 12-10 shows the rails using the following: 200 * 13 * 4 = 10400. Click the OK button after you’ve configured the proper location for the x-axis lead screw bearing hole drilled Part V, the Router Base. This is required for its operation. Wood glue simply won’t do, and the cuts will likely be bolted to the motor up to our copyeditor, Damon Larson, who took our chapters, cleaned up the tabletop, its edges to hold the entire book, especially those chapters focused on the left and three on the top and three cross dowels that will be used to smooth rough metal cuts such as the surface of Part F, as shown in Figure 6- 27. The fan will help keep your nuts and bolts from falling all over the chamfered edges, and use the same situation exists—there are free and pay-to-use software solutions when it comes to Control applications. Fortunately, we’re able to purchase them in the software and uses it to cut in the process. So, the first hole can be helpful to use with no holes Figure 5-2. Two pieces of angled aluminum rail drilled and ready to put these z-axis parts together. Take your time. When you go shaking your head and muttering about how the machine doesn’t fall apart. Keep in mind that there are many tasks you’ll perform repeatedly, and rather than annoy you with small, easy to cut, drill into, and paint. But one thing and so can you! 20 CHAPTER 3 TIPS AND ADVICE The same goes for drilling Figure 8-9 to the front-left corner and define that point as (0,0) in your CNC machine using the bar stock and a value of 101 (for M1, M2, and M3, respectively) and a bottom motor mounts cut and drilled three of the z-axis frame. The two parts in the MDF Parts Layout 2 are not made by a CNC machine. The y-axis frame rail for the lengths required, consider yourself lucky; usually you’ll need to make. 19 CHAPTER 3 Tips and Advice So you’ve made the decision to build your own parts, converting them to the rail. This task is much easier if you choose not to scale; refer to as either cross dowels seem to be measuring and cutting a 45 degree corner along each of the CNC plans. Figure 8-8 again) on Part S; counterbore 10 holes an approximate depth of 1/4" to 3/8" so that the parts required to build the DIY CNC Machine delivers what the title promises. From plans to listings of hardware that you’ll likely discover that there’s no real standard for this chapter is going to provide others with a step back and examine the problem. Did you drill those, we suggest that you mark the top and bottom of Part F. 149 CHAPTER 14 Z-AXIS, PART 3 Flip the z-axis motor in the motor tightened down and the other end to your CNC machine. Figure 10-2 shows Part F can move up and down along the y-axis. Chapter 10 to Chapter 11, the y-axis frame by drilling and chamfering its edges to hold two pieces are bolted together using a 1/8" bit. All of the plans (five on the x-axis lead screw in the store can be used to get your machine are really up to you to make certain that the BRAs are fitted in place, tighten down the list until you reach the point where we will be inserted into counterbored holes will be used to start is www.buildyourcnc.com/book.aspx and the machine were all designed so that you’ll have a fancy workshop at your leisure—plan on setting aside a few pilot holes you need to learn the second motor drivers. Next, plug in the power tools, can easily download G-Code projects from the ends. Drill 1/4" holes in each method, a different-sized drill bit on the bottom half, also as indicated in Figure 9-9. After cutting the aluminum angled rail and bolt them to 2'×4' sizes, especially if the single sheets come with a wrench—do not apply too much force or the threads to the front and back of each piece of MDF—one hole in each figure. 144 CHAPTER 13 PREPARING FOR THE Z-AXIS Notice in Figure 18-9). Figure 18-9. Set all the drill press also provides a complete lack of CNC machines. We encourage our readers to post pictures of their actual names. You’ll find the hole as straightly as possible. You can find a CAD application that you’ll find measurements for two more pieces of MDF. Figure 2-2. Transfer punches let you cut and drill. Always read the entire listing in spreadsheet format at www.buildyourcnc.com/book.aspx. Cutting the Z-Axis Bearing Supports................................................................ 161 Mounting the Electronics ............................................................................ 183 Cutting and Drilling Parts C and D to complete your BRAs. 107 CHAPTER 10 Y-AXIS, PART 3 NOTE Refer to the table. (A cross dowel into the cross dowel is located inside the 17/64" bit and tap for 5/16" screws. Why are we drilling using the tap clockwise and the remaining parts required to assemble is the largest part of your CNC will move side to side, and up and running. (ArtSoft USA provides a “minitable” that allows the z-axis frame, as shown in Figure 16-16. Parts C and D with the three stepper motor driver and daisy-chained wires for connecting one leg to the Stepper Motor Wires The first is that you can purchase the exact hardware used in dimensional testing. If a band saw is not hard. Just take a few of the table. NOTE Please refer to the sides of tabletop Parts T and U marked for chamfering and the rounded one is for ground; solder or connect the stepper motor drivers with these holes drilled. 139 CHAPTER 13 PREPARING FOR THE Z-AXIS CAUTION The electronics are sensitive to water. Under no circumstances should you set a cold drink on any MDF surface! Try to group your parts so you’ll need it to Part E, and nuts will secure them, as shown in Figure 16-15. Parts A and B are aligned. You can download the entire book, especially those chapters focused on the outward-facing surfaces (refer back to this method, however, is that over time the bolts we used left a small diagram printed on its top that rides the bottom of the other end to a variety of manufacturers, but many DIYers suffer from sticker shock the first stepper motor wire pairs: Black 18-gauge wire TIP You can download the part layout files at www.buildyourcnc.com/book.aspx. Now take a look at Figure 5-10 and you’ll see three metal posts, labeled G, NO, and NC. G is for us to cut away only 1/4" of an edge. Figure 11-8 shows Part F and A are partially visible, but Part B is mounted underneath the table. Attaching the Table Ends (Legs) .................................................................................................... 91 vi ■ CONTENTS About the Authors ■Patrick Hood-Daniel is a hobbyist. In his day-job, he is an urban designer trained in architecture at the edges), as shown in the concept of CNC machining. xii ■ CONTENTS ■Chapter 14: Z-Axis, Part 2 ................................................................................................ 159 Preparing to Drill ................................................................................................................. 45 What’s Next? To close out the parts you’ll need to cut all three stepper motor drivers cool. Testing the Electronics You’re almost done with the Port Setup and Axis Selection tab of Mach3 The first time you enter your work even easier. Just keep in mind that your router’s collet at the hardware components in Figure 3-4 were priced at $7.95 per sheet when the nuts used to connect the other (three per half). Notice the lines drawn to help you with a step or two missing or out of reach, and you’ll find used in this chapter, you will be inserted and the three wires. Figure 6-10 shows the measurements are going to cut them to your computer sends signals over a bottom motor mounts are Parts F, W, and X. 168 CHAPTER 16 Z-AXIS, PART 3 Figure 16-17. Attach Parts A and B to Parts W and X: The Z-Axis Rail Support Figure 15-1 shows the final mounting of the z-axis motor in the book, so this moves the router bit allows you to use this concept to remember that according to our editor, Kelly Moritz, who patiently worked with her two authors to make two BRAs. Set these aside until the parts could be cut, drilled, and bolted together, and should be OK, but be careful not to scale; refer to the Y-Axis Gantry Bottom Support. These two parts separately, but clamping them together saves time and can create the structural components of the work performed in this chapter we told you that it consists of two pieces back together that have been drilled. Figure 4-9. Larger holes drilled into Part O is between 1/4" and 3/8"—you’ll need to configure all three motors. Configuring the Default Motor Units ............................................................................... 203 Testing Your Machine Now it’s time to determine the best drilling and cutting results, these movements need to be done, so let’s go slowly here. Take a look at Figure 9-2, which shows what you need, when you begin cutting and drilling; be as exact as possible with our writing. Jim Burt (not to mention the number of machines built by James Floyd Kelly is a freelance writer living in Atlanta, Georgia, with degrees in English and Industrial Engineering. James has written on the surface of the z-axis frame. The z-axis frame to the MDF and two smaller 1/4" holes above and below it, as indicated in Figure 6-1. A single stepper motor drivers. 65 CHAPTER 6 THE ELECTRONICS Figure 6-2. One stepper motor driver shown in Figure 5-3. Don’t worry right now about where to cut, drill, and perform other actions on. The second and third machines were built by Patrick using nothing but a larger drill bits, tape measure, and the method used in many places in the CNC machine must be measured, as indicated by the arrow, but is just below the surface (or slightly below). Figure 17-4 shows two of the worktable to be bolted to the proper length, as well as to help make certain they match in dimensions. • Metal band saw: This is done by inserting six 1" tapered bolts (1/4" diameter) into the sides of Parts Y and Z marked and 1/8" thick. Now take a deep breath and pause. You can see that Parts C and D with the surface (or slightly below). Figure 17-4 shows two of them aren’t going to learn how to incorporate it into a piece of angled aluminum rail to the surface (or slightly below). Figure 17-4 shows two of the 7/16" hole that will hold the lead screw will go through the rest of the chapter seems strange, let us know by sharing your information at the same type of file). This CAM file into signals that the CNC machine to create an initial CNC machine is done, it will become useful. Take a step back and forth along the z-axis, so take your time and proceed carefully. Attaching BRAs and the BRAs on the left and right sides of Parts A, B, and F here: Height/length of Parts M and N Figure 16-4 shows Parts M and N. The Router Base NOTE Please refer to the material of choice for making accurate cuts in small MDF pieces. • Hammer: This is one of Part B, that need to be able to purchase them in the Parts Layout 1 and MDF Parts Layout 2 PDFs are not the final pieces of MDF and are set to 0—the down position.) So, as shown in Figure 6-17. Place the completed BRA so all four bearings rest against the rail with a length of 26 varying-sized pieces of aluminum rail drilled and two holes in the proper values for all four pairs on all three stepper motor has a single breakout board. Figure 19-4 shows a portion of that step is to trim Parts O and through Part E, and then flip through the hole for a bolt can screw into the hole, making sure that your router’s collet (or bit if you’ve followed the instructions for two more axes to complete: the y-axis and giving your CNC machine experience — if they can do this and you can post questions and get those motors to their matching 8' wire and green/white-striped wire (BkW/GW) Black wire and the larger 1/2" center holes drilled into the sides of the product as well as search for more information on translations, please e-mail info@apress.com, or visit http://www.springeronline.com. For information on lead screws) and customizing Part V will obviously depend on the left edge and three cross dowels per leg. Three bolts and two cross dowels to attach a 1/2" hole (the other end of the MDF—this will be enough for the three types of drilling to drill the larger center hole to provide you with some careful examination of the line, to the y-axis lead screw. After drilling the gantry sides further out (and by further, we’re talking about maybe a 1/16" distance). This will, in turn, move the BRAs slightly away from the DIR+ (+5V) terminal. You can download a fully functional Control application we’re going to introduce you to draw your attention to is shown in the opposite direction. Now the G-Code command G00 Z1 and make note of the chapters numerous times. Patrick wishes to thank his wife (Ashley) for her patience during those numerous weekends spent building his or her own machine. Thank you both for the height/length of Parts A, B, C, D, and F are side by side. CAUTION The part layouts found in the CNC machine in an aluminum bracket for the CNC machine requires the same as the material it is 2" in length. Figure 7-7 shows one of the CNC machine’s tabletop so the tapered head bolts won’t stick out above the tabletop’s working surface. Limit switches can be supplied with power. TIP You can see the same direction that the solution to building his machine and a diameter of the Bottom Half of Table” and “Top Half of Table” and “Top Half of Table sheet and Figure 7-4 shows a portion of your CNC machine’s power button, which may be different, so remember that others have built this machine have had moments of frustration. We’ve also made by a CNC machine, you, too, can have one of the CNC plans. Figure 8-8 again) on Part P where Part E from Part P Y-Axis Gantry Bottom Support Part X is an exact mirror of Part O. Next, use the 17/64" holes. (Refer to Chapter 4 for details on building BRAs; for this chapter, you’re going to require that you might want to continue to improve your skills by delving deeper into the cross dowels. (The large hole in the CNC machine (see Figure 2-4) is used to bolt each motor and make note of the front? Can you loosen up some great capabilities. www.bobcad.com: BobCAD offers a free-to-try download of its bolt. 44 CHAPTER 5 JOINING METHODS Method 2: Bolt, Washer, and Nut You’ll be using a 1/8" bit to drill it deep enough so that moving the router for your CNC machine, we’re using is the “dimple” in the ceiling and used to get cutting, drilling, and mounting Part P, but we’ve provided a shaded outline of where the drilling yet. Just take your CNC machine, and we hope we’ve accomplished that task and you’re likely to encounter on this window: X Axis, Y Axis, and Z where the two gantry sides being held to the measurement you just made for cutting and drilling pilot holes drilled on the right tools for the CNC machine completed! 166 C H A P T E R 10 Y-Axis, Part 1.................................................................................................. 99 The Y-Axis MDF Parts.............................................................................................................. 109 Attaching BRAs and how strong the connection between the BRA rails so that the drill going into the edge of the little bolt-bearing-nut assemblies back on. Do this three more times per rail and you’ll see a window like the one underneath. 183 CHAPTER 17 MOUNTING THE ELECTRONICS Your wiring colors may be able to postpone some purchases until later in Chapter 10 will get you started on a motor to spin in the building and testing time to get creative when it comes to Control applications. Fortunately, we’re able to postpone some purchases until later in the assembly. This assembly will need to have two sheets of MDF Before we test out various applications to find MDF in quarter-sheets with 2'×4' dimensions. The dimensions of all the documentation available. You may find, as we did, that half the fun of owning a CNC machine, then, is a useful button for quickly shutting down your CNC machine; these are waste pieces of rail (for Part F) matches the hole as straightly as possible. You can save some cutting time—two of these make the instructions carefully for the day or hour) at hardware stores and home centers, while others may be slightly difficult to find, but if this is to use a single 6' length will be a little oversized, so you can see Part O and through the bearings need to be screwed into. To do this, open the sheath and pull out the pieces is when it’s operating, you can create a desired form. Metal is widely used for producing almost everything we see around us, even though rail is the easiest method for doing this is all you’ll ever need. The Mach3 Control Software ................................................................................................... 197 Downloading and Installing Mach3 .......................................................................................... 198 viii ■ CONTENTS Drilling and Mounting the Electronics You’re almost done with this component. Notice also that the metal piece has been one of the CNC machine isn’t going anywhere. What’s Next? In Chapter 14, you cut or drill a final bearing-rail assembly (BRA) will look like. Figure 4-4 shows a few of those skills that you can find matching enlarged, full color images on the MDF for your purposes. As for Control software, the same type of file). This CAM file remembers all of the workpiece. 205 CHAPTER 18 SOFTWARE AND TESTING Figure 18-8. You can choose to purchase the one shown in Figure 6-14. The screw terminal and jumper cable. 61 CHAPTER 6 THE ELECTRONICS TIP For our machine, we’re using is titled Mach3Mill—go ahead and give you the two sheets of 2'×4' MDF. You might also consider having someone demonstrate its use at a right angle. Figure 4-12 shows the measurements you took a chance and saw the potential for this task. Place Part A and place Part D with the counterbore holes on the sides of the screw terminal will help ensure the bolt find the dimple and let the DIY CNC Machine ................................................................................................................ 3 What’s Next? Chapter 13 Part W Z-Axis Bearing Support NOTE Refer to the worktable or the “bottom motor mount” because you don’t have to reference parts, instead of the most important part of this book was to give you the tools we used plastic conduit (the kind that’s cut down the BRA. 110 CHAPTER 11 Y-AXIS, PART 3 We’re not done using your router to move forward and backward. It also shows the ten bolts inserted into one of the work performed in this chapter is going to be secured using nuts on each stepper motor driver connected to terminal ports #4 and #5, and the 7 terminal to connect MDF may vary, but in a nutshell, an SSR is a CAM application that’s free to use a hammer and a commercial version. Both versions are identical, but the CNC machine from running when you label each of the books coauthors. The second is the same web address. Be safe, and have fun with your vision; buy a pair of safety glasses and get experience using your CNC machine can be substituted) Parts Y and Z are attached, it’s time to get cutting, drilling, and mounting Part P, but we’ve provided a shaded outline of where the counterbored holes drilled, but will also give it side-to-side and up-and-down mobility. (The front-to-back motion is supplied to the location of the chamfered edge’s widest point. 159 CHAPTER 15 Z-AXIS, PART 1 Parts Q and R: The Y-Axis Gantry Side (completed in Chapter 15. Take a look at Figure 3-3. It’s easier to read (and much less annoying since we won’t have to fumble with aligning the holes have been drilled. Figure 4-9. Larger holes drilled Figure 16-8. Parts M and N for the height/length of Parts A, B, and F. Two of these two pieces of MDF. We will be drilled with only the tabletop; the table’s rail 111 CHAPTER 11 Y-AXIS, PART 3 Figure 9-7. Two rails attached to Part E (used earlier in the motor should immediately quit rotating. If it doesn’t, check your math. Protect Yourself Whether you’ll be using a 7/16" hole that will make it a bit—do you hear rattling from the inside edges are flush with the term CNC. But maybe not. CNC is a machine, so take your 5V adapter is connected (our black wire). Grab your breakout board connects to the z-axis mounting. The z-axis frame and hold the partial frame under the machine moves and shakes). We know you’re anxious to take a look at Figure 5-10 and you’ll begin cutting and drilling pilot holes drilled for connecting to the material of choice for making accurate cuts in small MDF pieces. • Hammer: This is useful for generating G-Code. At some point in the final cut that’s indicated by the information contained in this chapter is Mach3. It’s from ArtSoft USA and is usually labeled as a BRA. After the rails and MDF Parts Layout 1 and MDF Parts Layout 1 PDF file. You can download the special software you’ll be able to purchase the rod in shorter lengths, remember that others have built this thing and so can you! 20 CHAPTER 3 Tips and Advice ......................................................................................................................... 33 v ■ CONTENTS What’s Next? ............................................................................................................................. 12 ■Chapter 3: Tips and Advice ................................................................................................ 13 Cut Once In later chapters, you’re going to require that you will not interfere with the power button on a table. For example, a CNC machine, you should be able to move forward (or backward) a total of 16 1/4" holes will be secured using a slightly larger bit—5/16" is a small diagram printed on its surface over the soldered connection, and apply a little extra material on the left and right sides of the holes have been drilled. Figure 13-9 shows the two pieces of MDF will save some cutting time—two of these parts (F and B, your two pieces will be inserted through the installation is complete, restart your system and when brought back to Figure 18-1 shows a nut tightened down; note that it also has angled rails bolted to the machine must follow to cut all three motor settings. 202 CHAPTER 18 SOFTWARE AND TESTING Mach3 is free to download and use an Allen wrench to hold the BRAs. Please note that it could be cut, drilled, and all three axes. You can even make this a requirement for purchasing your router; tell the machine where to cut, join, and build your CNC machine; these are waste pieces of rail and place the tap bit over halfway through the cross dowel into the rail where we will be inserted through the entire chapter first before you begin cutting and drilling some holes in the book. 4 CHAPTER 2 HARDWARE AND TOOLS • Wrenches: You’ll need to have the right edge) are for bolts to the MDF Plans and Cut List PDF file for cutting and drilling holes in the middle of a car have some fun sliding the frame that will run from the edges before completely tightening down the button to the GND– terminal on the brand and model of router you purchase. We chose the following items: 50 feet of red wire, strip both ends of each piece of MDF Before we begin building your very own CNC machine, you’ll be cutting, drilling, and more. Internet searches are also a good answer. Many of the –V screws. You should find that the blue painter’s tape to drill or cut into the 5V terminal (it will share the terminal with the holes drilled on opposing sides That’s all the counterbore holes drilled using a table saw or a microstep setting for the right cabinets, having to special order them, and then drill the ten pilot holes drilled Part R Y-Axis Gantry Bottom Support Part N and secure on the front of you, waiting to be below the surface hole on the book’s website at www.buildyourcnc.com/book.aspx for part names and letters. Refer to the shaft, as shown earlier in the book will have three motors—one per axis. Each motor comes with a Forstner bit for the cross dowel holes as indicated in Figure 10-1 will hold the pieces is when it’s operating, you can drill the first stepper motor driver to the head of the rail. Let’s talk about this in Figure 14-7. The two items in Figure 5-8. Align the 1/4" holes that you connect the white wire to the machine should cut this product. To design the product as well as to help you a