User:Pleun/grad/altrightlexicon

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"The most powerful influence was exerted neither by individual speeches nor by articles or flyers, posters or flags; it was not achieved by things which one had to absorb by conscious thought or conscious emotions. Instead Nazism permeated the flesh and blood of the people through single words, idioms and sentence structures which were imposed on them in a million repetitions and taken on board mechanically and unconsciously."
– Victor Klemperer, The Language of the Third Reich: LTI—Lingua Tertii Imperii: A Philologist’s Notebook, trans. Martin Brady (London: Bloomsbury, 2013 (1957)), 11, 15.


Online Culture Wars

Contemporary fascism, misogyny, and extreme right ideologies are cultivated in online forums collaboratively. Alt-Right and Leftists ideology is framed with terminology found in nihilist meta-memes and jargon which are rapidly evolving and duplicating. The online enthusiasts are creating an impassable forest where normies (translation: "normal", mainstream people) will easily get lost. Right conservatism and left-wing socialism are reformed with new styles of media-usage, propaganda, and focus of ideology. The Alt-Right is reappropriating everything from entire subcultures to usage of transgression formerly done so by the socialist left, is bullying their way to domination en is coining term after term to shape their moral bible.


Three main groups can be distinguished in these online culture wars. On the right: (1) The Alt-Right and (2) the Manosphere (who could be described as a part of the Alt-Right), and on the left with less specific terminology: (3) The Social Justice Warriors / Leftists / Alt Left / Tumblr Feminists / Gender Politics Activists. The right-wing side is currently determining the discourse in both online and offline politics. Also quite literally by coining the terms describing the new left itself (Social Justice Warrior, SWJ, for instance). I'm not sure exactly yet why this is the case. My guess after not only reading about but also having seen the left-side for a few years now: the left is digging their own politically correct grave, by protesting anything and anyone. There is nothing less than a witch hunt going on to take down anyone who isn't 100% PC (politically correct), demanding everyone to "Check Their Privilege". This version of the left is fighting against terms, not creating them. On the right-wing side, they have an advantage in any argument by being anti-PC, nihilistic and ironic. The right side is looking to break down any social barrier, while the left is trying to create safe spaces for those in need.

“Years of online hate campaigns, purges and smear campaigns against others – including and especially dissident or independent-minded leftists – has caused untold damage. This anti-free speech, anti-free thought, anti-intellectual online movement, which has substituted politics with neuroses”

– Angela Nagle. “Kill All Normies: Online Culture Wars From 4Chan and Tumblr to Trump and the Alt-Right.”


If the right-wing side is not only determining the discourse but also winning the argument at the moment, it is of importance to look at why they do and how they shape their ideology. I believe the jargon created by the right-wing side is not only the center of their ideology but also deliberately used to form an inclusive group that mystifies outsiders. I want to give a few examples of this jargon to show you what kind of terms are used and how vastly it is interwoven with their vocabulary.


Jargon

Every key point in their ideology is mirrored in their vocabulary. These words they coin frame their reality and convince and pull in new members. The way they view their enemies, themselves and society could be traced by looking at this jargon. They even have a term for people who believe in their version of reality and the people who don't (see example 2). I wanted to demonstrate this by giving you two examples of jargon, and one example of a paragraph written on a popular forum that I will translate into normie-English (mainstream English) as an example of the amount of jargon.


Example 1, term: "cuck"
One term is well described below by Nina Power (Nina Power is a cultural critic, social theorist, philosopher and translator. She is a Senior Lecturer in Philosophy at Roehampton University). She describes one of the words used by the Alt-Right to refer to men who are not only not right-wing, but also not "masculine" (in jargon: not Alpha) enough. She calls the language of the Alt-Right "The New Brutality" and is next to Angela Nagle (Angela Nagle is a writer and researcher, studying for a PhD in internet cultures as a government of Ireland IRCHSS scholar in the Department of Communications at Dublin City University.) one of my key sources when reading critical theory on the Alt-Right.

"To focus on a particular word from this lexicon, perhaps an overly obvious one, that sums up the racist, sexist, vicious tendency of the language and imagery of the New Brutality, one need look no further than the word “cuck.” From the old French word for “cuckoo” (“cucu”), this go-to insult captures a whole host of overwhelmingly male anxieties. In porn, a cuck is someone who stands by while his female partner has sex with another man (often black). In its current usage (sometimes expanded to “cuckservative”), the original meaning is preserved and politicized: cucks are effeminate conservatives who concede to liberal values, “emasculated” by their own cowardice and enjoying their own degradation. To be a “cuck” is to be screwed over, a victim of women and other men, sexually and economically."
The Language of the New Brutality, Nina Power, e-flux http://www.e-flux.com/journal/83/141286/the-language-of-the-new-brutality/

In this description of the word cuck, the context of the word is UNDER CONSTRUCTION


Example 2, term: "The Red Pill, Red-Pilled, TRP"
The second example is a piece of jargon not only used to describe "enlightened" people of the Alt-Right by the Alt-Right, but is also the name of one of its key forums, subreddit: "The Red Pill". Born from a scene from the 1999 movie The Matrix, it has been used as a metaphor .... UNDER CONSTRUCTION

"This is your last chance. After this there is no turning back. You take the blue pill: the story ends, you wake up in your bed and believe whatever you want to believe. You take the red pill: you stay in Wonderland and I show you how deep the rabbit hole goes."
–Morpheus, The Matrix, 1999

Example 3, a paragraph from a subreddit


UNDER CONSTRUCTION



I think there are only two ways that would have any effect on the growth and influence of this group:

  • Firstly, ignoring and therefore starving out the ideology by most media. The ideology will never reach mainstream attention and will only contain a small group with a relatively small impact. The problem with this first method of imploding is it's an act by non-act. I think we are already, especially since events like the protest in Charlottesville where the online war was fought offline, past this option. The rise of an underlying growing discontent within general population that in most extreme forms is expressed within this ideology (and in a watered-down, broader and most influential extend in the election of Donald J. Trump as the latest American president) will not only still exist, but probably find other extreme expressions.
  • The second way would be to demand constant demystification and clarification. The ironic and nihilistic memes and jargon function as a smokescreen not only between those who affiliate themselves with this group but also between them and outsiders. It is hard to distinguish those sincere and those only trolling and there for the "lulz".


"Journalists should be saying, ‘I don’t want to talk about Pepe memes and hand signs. Tell me what are the limits of what you’re prepared to do’. We should force them to talk about what they really stand for."
– Angela Nagle, quoted in Wilson, “Hiding in Plain Sight.” https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/23/alt-right-online-humor-as-a-weapon-facism

Proposal

I would like to help this demystification and clarification of the words used by the Alt-Right by translating them from jargon to general language. To build a door in the walls of the echo chamber. The "echo chambers" I will include in my project will be a few of the Alt-Rights most influential forums on the internet where this jargon is created and evolves into parts of ideology. With a script that scrapes the web, I will gather text written by Alt-Rightists and filter out jargon in the hopes of translating it with the help of Urban Dictionary. I'm proposing to build this metaphorical door with the help of Natural Language Processing and Pattern, a Python library, which would help me not only filter out jargon (with the least amount of noise I can manage), but also look at the tone of the text, the popularity of the specific jargon, and the difference between Alt-Right and Leftist texts.

My goals are:

  • the first goal is well described by somebody else when talking about the importance of looking at the language of Nazism shortly after the second world war:
“Observe, study and memorize what is going on—by tomorrow everything will already look different, by tomorrow everything will already feel different; keep hold of how things reveal themselves at this very moment and what the effects are.”
– Victor Klemperer, The Language of the Third Reich: LTI—Lingua Tertii Imperii: A Philologist’s Notebook, trans. Martin Brady (London: Bloomsbury, 2013 (1957)), 10.


  • to stimulate communication and discussion about this subject in order to inform and reform before the movement gains a big following in the Netherlands. When speaking to friends about this subject I notice there is a big gap in my own bubble between people who are well-informed and people who need an explanation of the term Alt-Right itself. Although the discussion in Europe differs from the one held in America right now, there is a global shift to right-wing politics from America to Poland to Japan. Most notably a shift that isn't moving towards the traditionally conservative ideology, but rather a transgressive, white-nationalist one. It isn't the first time countries are turning to nationalism to deal with the fear of foreign threats and cultures, but it is the first time social media is used as a very successful propaganda tool and public online forums are used to develop and share ideology, which transforms the ideology itself and helps it spread.

• to demystify.

"We need to think much more carefully about the word-images that surround us, to make distinctions between the way violence is described and presented, and not think that all images are equally interchangeable. We need to remember all the words and ways of speaking we have forgotten, and note the way in which certain words, such as “cuck,” come to dominate our ways of speaking and thinking."
– The Language of the New Brutality, Nina Power, e-flux http://www.e-flux.com/journal/83/141286/the-language-of-the-new-brutality/





Main interests and questions

  • Framing of reality in online echo chambers
  • Collective creation of an ideology online
  • from online echo chambers to actual political power
  • possible physicality of online spaces
  • How is offline politics influenced by the online culture war?
  • Can I break an online echo chamber by taking its ideology offline, leaving a physical trace?
  • How can I stimulate discussion (poke a few holes in the online echo chamber) between sides?
  • How are language and image used in online culture to shape ideology?


"The emergence of the Alt-right should warn us of a now imminent nightmare vision of what the coming years might hold—a public arena emptied of any civility, universalist ideas or openly competing political visions beyond a zero-sum tribal antagonism of identity groups, in which the boundaries of acceptable thought will shrink further while the purged will amass in the fetid forums of the Alt-right."
–Angela Nagle, “What the Alt-Right is all about,” Irish Times, Jan 6, 2017



Research Method

I want to create a dynamic dictionary of the language of the right side of the online culture wars, namely of the Alt Right and the Manosphere. For now focussing on two key forums, one Right-wing forum on 8chan and one key manosphere forum on Reddit: 8chan /pol/ and reddit/theredpill. When I achieve this dynamic dictionary I want to look for ways to open up discussion, maybe by leaving physical/public traces, that would function to create some friction or different sounds in the online echo chambers.

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

STEP 1

I first want to map out the broad scope of the culture wars, which will be the basis of my knowledge and thesis.
I will do this by:

  • text (short descriptions of ideology, bio's of actors, links between actors, online habitats)
  • gathering media
  • creating a map

Online Culture Wars – STEP 1: mapping


STEP 2

The implementation and part-creation of a tool that will gather jargon on (a) main right-wing forum(s), through Pattern (a Natural Language Processing library in Python), because of my believe this jargon captures the core of their ideology. I will focus on Reddits subforum The Red Pill first, and then on 4chans subforum /pol/ second. I believe those are two of the most highly influential subforums in the Manosphere and the Alt-Right media-bubble.

I plan to use text scraping to scrape the forum and then start to filter out content so I would be left with non-dictionary words. I could use a text minus text method, where you, for instance, extract all the words used in a New York Times article, from the words used in a forum thread. Then I also want to look at which words, nouns/adjectives are used most, maybe if they are used in a positive or negative way. Next, I can also look at sentiment. Is a text negative or positive and to which standards? The difficulty of a text could be tested with the Flesch/Kincaid Readability Test, where word-length, syllables and sentence length are taken into account.

Online Culture Wars – STEP 2: tool, lexicon

Noise

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

STEP 3

Publishing the research in a manner that aids general understanding and triggers discussion.

"The neoliberal project to destroy the public sphere meets the hate networks of the internet, and it is these “identity groups” who will, unless things change radically, take to the streets: these spaces now also made to be places of ambiguity—privatized, unevenly securitized and surveilled—where IRL is increasingly constructed by virtual belongings."
–http://www.e-flux.com/journal/83/141286/the-language-of-the-new-brutality/

Online Culture Wars – STEP 3: publish


Plan B

  • (How) does the alt-right influence Dutch politics?

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

Notes

  • While attempting to describe these groups, I notice the left-wing/feminist side has less specific groups/names. Plus a lot of names, like SJW, are coined by the "enemy".
  • If I create a dictionary and follow word origin and scrape its history online, could that give clues on how the ideology is shaped?
  • Is it possible to scrape a few forums and check when unknown words are created? Therefore following directly when, where and how the ideology is shaped?
  • 06/11/2016: CNN has released a video on The Red Pill: http://edition.cnn.com/videos/cnnmoney/2017/10/30/divided-we-code-red-pill-cnntech.cnn
  • Even when addressing non-TRP they still use jargon heavily
  • internet > ideology or ideology > internet?
  • WOKE vs The Red Pill (frames of reality) Two sides, same coin?
  • normie takeover




Timetable

Step 1: Creating the mapping of the online culture wars: 06 NOV – 26 NOV

Step 2: The Tool: 13 NOV – 3 DEC

Step 3: Publishing: DEC & JANUARY


Relation to practice

  • I was researching the online subculture of Vaporwave for a while when the culture got reappropriated and was involved in an online culture war, by the alt-right.

UNDER CONSTRUCTION

Thesis Intention

---> link thesis outline

UNDER CONSTRUCTION


Dictionary

Dictionary of this page:

  • Alt-Right
  • The Red Pill
  • PUA: Pick Up Artist
  • Incel: Involuntary Celibate
  • “riding the cock carousel”
  • Alpha-male and Beta-male
  • "nice guy"




Bibliography

Mapping out the online culture wars, with the help of:

HAVE READ/WATCHED:

ALT RIGHT MEDIA collection:



NEED TO READ/WATCH:

  • Klaus Theweleit – Male Fantasies Volume 2, Male Bodies: Psychoanalyzing the White Terror
  • Victor Klemperer – Language of the Third Reich – LTI – lingua-tertii-imperii
  • The authoritarian personality (1950) – Theodor W Adorno


Related writings

There are a few unbelievably smart ways the advocates of the right are using communication strategies, online and offline, to win arguments. A few are described by John Oliver in his talk show Last Week Tonight in November 2017, where he pinpoints three of these:

  1. Numbered list item

/////////

Influence of the online culture wars in Dutch politics
Transgression
Transgression in art: http://dissidentreality.com/articles/cinema-transgression-manifesto/
Transgression within the alt-right
Accelerationism

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