Miri's XPUB2 thesis outline
Background
Key issues
- Memes and their political dimension
- Infiltration of public space as an art strategy
- The potential of memefying daily life
Internet memes have developed into a kind of new language, a new digital dialect, which can not only help us identify and understand new cultural trends, but that can also have a political effect. What superficially can be understood as nonsense or jokes can be a very accessible form of important political participation. Everyone who is a bit familiar with the internet and digital culture can in principle understand meme language and also potentially make memes.
[Person reading this that doesn't have access to internet, nor an electronic device and is blind: Am I a joke to you?]
If you look further into the theories of memetics such as Richard Dawkins theories in The Selfish Gene, you quickly find out that memes do not only refer to internet memes but in a broader way, to elements of behaviour passed on from one individual to another by imitation (such as jokes, songs, dances or even beliefs that have been passed on over generations). Dawkins refers to memes as the cultural parallel to biological genes in the sense of that they are similar in being in control of their own reproduction.
When reading into this, I could not unsee the parallels between memetic strategies and art strategies I've researched and used in the past. Tactical media, culture jamming, hacking strategies and media activism often work similar to memes. Such parallels are:
- Working bottom-up (meaning they proceed from the bottom of a hierarchy upwards)
- Replicating something with a twist (taking something out of a context, changing it a bit and putting it back into this context)
- Easy generation of attention and participation
- The aspect of humour
- The use of public space
- The use of an audience
- Being part of a community
These parallels certainly do not apply to all the projects of these art movements and are clearly my own perception, nevertheless, they apply strongly to my own artistic practice.
[change my mind]
This is why I want this master thesis to be closely linked to my artistic practice as well as my master project and that it answers questions that arise in my own creative process.
Connecting these two topics, 1. memes and their political dimension and 2. infiltration of public space as an art strategy, for my master project, I want to translate memetic behaviour to infiltrations of public spaces and make a guide to "memefy" life. So in my thesis, I want to write about these two topics as well and as the third key issue, a combination of these two: The potential of memefying life. In this last chapter, I will try to find out how exactly it could be possible to memefy your life and hopefully find answers that later on can guide me through my master project. Also, it can be seen as a sort of manifesto for imaginary interventions (that could possibly be realised). I want to talk about the potential of bringing memes to the street and the political dimension it could open up. The possibilities of memefying life in a non-digital way as pleasant disturbances, as a political voice or even as an act of non-violent protest. I want to find out, what advantages or disadvantages the digital or the non-digital sphere for the medium meme could have.
This third point (memefying daily life) is not merely a theoretical attempt of translating something digital into something non-digital but also of much importance for my artistic practice. I see this thesis as a platform to reflect on my own experiments and as research for my master project. Although, in the thesis, I will not directly write about the final project itself, my research will help me connecting the dots in order to see the whole picture which will be useful for me for finalising my project.
[cool story, bro]
Research question
What are the possibilities of translating memes into non-digital memes infiltrating public spaces and what impact would this translation have on the public spaces as well as on the meme itself?
Format
An experimental analytical essay. I want to combine the classical format of a text written in an academic style with a comment section that uses internet slang.
[You don't say]
Thesis: Introduction
~ 500 words
- State what I am going to talk about in the thesis
- Explanation of the research question and the research goal
- Give background information and state how the thesis will contribute to my master project
Goal of this chapter:
Summarise all research questions without having the answers to them yet
Thesis: Chapter 1 - Memes and their political dimension
~ 2000 words
[I don't always write research papers.
but when I do, it is about memes]
Memes
- Introduce the term "meme", its origin and its meaning
- Mention the difference between memes and internet memes
Memes and politics
- How can a meme generate political participation? And how do memes influence politics?
- How does the act of replication give a sense of community? And how universal are memes really?
- How can memes be a form of protest? Talk about memes in democratic spaces vs. in non-democratic spaces
The perfect meme
- What makes a meme successful?
- Why are memes such an effective way of spreading ideas? Introduce L. Shifman's explanation on viral vs. memetic success
- Introduce R. Dawkins theory on what characteristics make a meme spread faster
- Summarise a set of characteristics/a set of rules for memetic success
Goal of this chapter:
Analyse memes theoretically to receive a certain set of rules that could be applied to non-digital memes as infilitrations in non-digital spaces
Thesis: Chapter 2 - Infiltration of public space as an art strategy
~ 2000 words
Art movements that use the strategy of infiltrating public spaces
- Research on Culture jamming, tactical media and hacking
- Research on Dada and Fluxus
Every public space is political
- To whom belongs space and how do you use it?
- How do you generate political participation and attention?
- How can you maybe even initiate social-transformatory processes through artistic interventions?
- How can you grasp and react to a place's political, cultural and national systems of values?
Thesis: Chapter 3 - Memefying daily life
~ 2000 words
- Speculating on how to incorporate memes in your daily life in a non-digital way
- Reasoning the urgency of translating memes to actions
Thesis: Conclusion
~ 500 words
something very intelligent
[sus]
- Repeat and summarise what I will have found out
- Add possible open questions that could lead to further research
Thesis: Glossary
(yet to come)
Reading list for thesis
Shifman, L. (2014). Memes in Digital Culture. Cambridge: MIT Press
Blackmore, S. and Dawkins, R. (1999). The Meme Machine. New York: Oxford University Press
Von Gehlen, D. (2020). Meme. Berlin: Verlag Klaus Wagenbach
Raley, R. (2009). Tactical media. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press
Arkenbout, C. and Scherz, L. (2022). Critical Meme Reader II: Memetic Tacticality. Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures
McCulloch, G. (2019). Because Internet: Understanding the New Rules of Language. New York: Riverhead Books
Bogost, I. (2022). The Age of Social Media Is Ending. [online] Available at: https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2022/11/twitter-facebook-social-media-decline/672074/ [Accessed 26 Nov. 2022]
Weibel, P. (2015). Global Activism, Art and Conflict in the 21st Century. Cambridge: MIT Press
Friesinger, G. and Grenzfurthner J. and Ballhausen, T. (2010). Urban Hacking: Cultural Jamming Strategies in the Risky Spaces of Modernity. Bielefeld: Transcript publishing
Schmidt, S.M. (2010). Hacking the City, Interventions in urban and communicative spaces. Folkwang: Edition Folkwang / Steidl
Christe, D.W.C. and Ritzen, H.H.P.M. (2021), The Manual of Modern Pataphysics. Rotterdam: Platform P
Stiegler C. and Breitenbach P. and Zorbach T. (2015). New Media Culture: Mediale Phänomene der Netzkultur. Bielefeld: transcript publishing
Nowotny J. and Reidy J. (2022). Memes, Formen und Folgen eines Internetphänomens. Bielefeld: transcript publishing
Marrs, L. and & Dingsun, T. (2022). How to Read the Internet. [online] Available at: https://otherinter.net/research/lore/how-to-read-the-internet/ [Accessed 26 Nov. 2022]
Hemmens, A. and Zacarias G. (2020). The Situationist International, A Critical Handbook. Pluto Press
Cramer, F. (2017). Meme Wars: Internet Culture and the ‘Alt Right’. FACTLiverpool [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OiNYuhLKzi8&ab_channel=FACTLiverpool [Accessed 17. Nov. 2022]
Jones, S.E. (2006). Against Technology - From the Luddites to Neo-Luddism. Great Britain: Routledge
Deseriis, M. (2011). Lots of Money Because I am Many: The Luther Blissett Project and the Multiple-Use Name Strategy. Books.google.com
Baas, J. (2011). Fluxus and the Essential Questions of Life. New Hampshire: Hood Museum of Art, and Chicago: The University of Chicago Press
Erickson, J.D. (1984). Dada, Performance, Poetry and Art. USA: Twayne publishers