User:Tancre/Prototyping/AI: Difference between revisions
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=== 16th century === | === 16th century === | ||
=== 19th century === | |||
1847 De Morgan - '''De Morgan's law''', formalization of propositional logic | 1847 De Morgan - '''De Morgan's law''', formalization of propositional logic <br> | ||
1854 Boole - 'The Laws of Thought', '''Boolean logic''' (Boolean algebra, Binary logic) | 1854 Boole - 'The Laws of Thought', '''Boolean logic''' (Boolean algebra, Binary logic) <br> | ||
Pierce | Pierce <br> | ||
Peano | Peano <br> | ||
1884 Frege - 'Foundation of Arithmetic' | 1884 Frege - 'Foundation of Arithmetic' <br> | ||
=== 20th century === | === 20th century === | ||
1913 Russell, Whitehead - 'Principia Mathematica' | 1913 Russell, Whitehead - 'Principia Mathematica' <br> | ||
1920 Hilbert - '''Hilbert's program''' | 1920 Hilbert - '''Hilbert's program''' <br> | ||
1921 Wittgenstein - 'Tractatus-logico philosophicus' | 1921 Wittgenstein - 'Tractatus-logico philosophicus' <br> | ||
1928 Hilbert - '''Entscheidungsproblem''' | 1928 Hilbert - '''Entscheidungsproblem''' <br> | ||
1931 Göedel - '''incompletness theorem''', impossibility to prove the '''Hilbert's program''' and to clarify the '''foundation of mathematics''' | 1931 Göedel - '''incompletness theorem''', impossibility to prove the '''Hilbert's program''' and to clarify the '''foundation of mathematics''' <br> | ||
1936 Church, Turing - '''Church-Turing thesis''', impossibility to solve the Entscheidungsproblem | 1936 Church, Turing - '''Church-Turing thesis''', impossibility to solve the Entscheidungsproblem <br> | ||
1936 Turing - 'On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem', '''Turing machine (TM)''' + '''Universal Turing Machine (UTM)''', first theorization of the '''stored-program computer''' <br> | 1936 Turing - 'On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem', '''Turing machine (TM)''' + '''Universal Turing Machine (UTM)''', first theorization of the '''stored-program computer''' <br> | ||
1937 Shannon - 'A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits', complete '''electronic logic gate''' through the '''switching circuit theory'''<br> | 1937 Shannon - 'A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits', complete '''electronic logic gate''' through the '''switching circuit theory'''<br> | ||
1948 Shannon - 'A Mathematical Theory of Communication', '''Information theory''' <br> | 1948 Shannon - 'A Mathematical Theory of Communication', '''Information theory''' <br> | ||
'''ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE''' | '''ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE''' <br> | ||
1950 Turing - 'Computing machinery and intelligence', '''Turing test''' <br> | 1950 Turing - 'Computing machinery and intelligence', '''Turing test''' <br> | ||
1966 Weizenbaum - '''ELIZA''', first '''chatbot''' in '''natural language processing (NLP)''' systems | 1966 Weizenbaum - '''ELIZA''', first '''chatbot''' in '''natural language processing (NLP)''' systems <br> | ||
== Books & Articles == | == Books & Articles == | ||
Revision as of 20:32, 21 October 2018
AI - Artificial Intelligence
- automaton(animatronics/mechatronics/robotics/robot/android)
- computer science
- logic (formal reasoning)
- cryptography (secure communication)
Sections
Brief Historical Context
Ancient Greece
- Mythology Hephaestus /Pygmalion / Dedalus (Talos/Pandora/Galatea) // relation between Hephaestus and Dedalus + sphinx as a talking statue
- Aristotel - 'Organon' syllogistic logic, first attempt to rappresent logic operators in linguistic symbols + Antikythera mechanism, oldest analogue computer
13th century
- Talking heads
- Raimond Llull
15th century
- Gutenberg - Invention of printing (1456 Gutenberg Bible)
- Clocks
16th century
19th century
1847 De Morgan - De Morgan's law, formalization of propositional logic
1854 Boole - 'The Laws of Thought', Boolean logic (Boolean algebra, Binary logic)
Pierce
Peano
1884 Frege - 'Foundation of Arithmetic'
20th century
1913 Russell, Whitehead - 'Principia Mathematica'
1920 Hilbert - Hilbert's program
1921 Wittgenstein - 'Tractatus-logico philosophicus'
1928 Hilbert - Entscheidungsproblem
1931 Göedel - incompletness theorem, impossibility to prove the Hilbert's program and to clarify the foundation of mathematics
1936 Church, Turing - Church-Turing thesis, impossibility to solve the Entscheidungsproblem
1936 Turing - 'On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem', Turing machine (TM) + Universal Turing Machine (UTM), first theorization of the stored-program computer
1937 Shannon - 'A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits', complete electronic logic gate through the switching circuit theory
1948 Shannon - 'A Mathematical Theory of Communication', Information theory
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
1950 Turing - 'Computing machinery and intelligence', Turing test
1966 Weizenbaum - ELIZA, first chatbot in natural language processing (NLP) systems
Books & Articles
Turing - The essential Turing
Asimov - Robot series (three laws of robotics + zeroth law)
Weizenbaum - ELIZA, a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine