Open licenses session

copyright

A copyright is a type of intellectual property that gives the creator of an original work, or another right holder, the exclusive and legally secured right to copy, distribute, adapt, display, and perform a creative work, usually for a limited time.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyright

4 free software freedoms

- The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 0).
- The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
- The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others (freedom 2).
- The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.

https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html

free culture

In this first part, I counter two points that have been taken for granted with free and open source software production, and the subsequent rise of free culture. The first point is the idea that free and open source software is primarily the opposition to closed source, proprietary, software and standards, and this for reasons that can be articulated on the grounds of either ethics or economics. The second point is the notion that all the things derived from free and open source software are simple variations on the same theme, and are bound together in a common struggle with a shared intention or agenda, from which every participating group can benefit. These two elements have led to misunderstandings, or to be more precise, have prevented an acknowledgement of the tension between different attempts to normalise and rationalise free culture and the richness of its practices and contexts. In particular, I want to falsify first the notion of free and open source software as a paradigm shift, by showing another side of this revolutionary dimension in the fabrication of virtual communities which emulate endangered and speculative practices, and second, demonstrate that the culture of free and open things is a in fact a struggle, but not against an external hegemony, but a struggle within itself which is symptomatic of liberal democratic and post-political systems. Each of these arguments will be expressed in two chapters: Chapter 1 Paradigm Maintenance and User Freedom, and Chapter 2 In Search of Pluralism.

Aymeric Mansoux, Sandbox Culture, A Study of the Application of Free and Open Source Software Licensing Ideas to Art and Cultural Production https://www.bleu255.com/~aymeric/dump/aymeric_mansoux-sandbox_culture_phd_thesis-2017.pdf#page=40

the rising ethical storm

https://archive.org/details/copyleftconf2020-ehmke