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= NOTES = | |||
== The Lifecycle of Software Objects == | == The Lifecycle of Software Objects == | ||
'''Page 2''' | '''Page 2''' | ||
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"social continents" "virtual living room"'' | "social continents" "virtual living room"'' | ||
Meeting in a virtual world replicating the space in real life.<br> | *Meeting in a virtual world replicating the space in real life.<br> | ||
'''Page 3''' | '''Page 3''' | ||
Line 12: | Line 13: | ||
''"These aren't the idealized pets marketed to people who can't commit to a real animal; they lack the picture-perfect cuteness, and their movements are too awkward. Neither do they look like inhabitants of Data Earth's biomes"'' | ''"These aren't the idealized pets marketed to people who can't commit to a real animal; they lack the picture-perfect cuteness, and their movements are too awkward. Neither do they look like inhabitants of Data Earth's biomes"'' | ||
References to the uncanny valley, the space between reality and fiction. The uncomfortable but delicate balance.<Br> | *References to the uncanny valley, the space between reality and fiction. The uncomfortable but delicate balance.<Br> | ||
'''Page 6''' | '''Page 6''' | ||
Line 18: | Line 20: | ||
''"design a body that manifests the digients' gestures in a way that people can relate to"'' | ''"design a body that manifests the digients' gestures in a way that people can relate to"'' | ||
Hinting to the need to design something that already exists in order to feel relatable.<Br> | *Hinting to the need to design something that already exists in order to feel relatable.<Br> | ||
'''Page 7''' | '''Page 7''' | ||
Line 24: | Line 27: | ||
''"If they look like cartoons, no one will take them seriously. Conversely, if they look too much like real animals, their facial expressions and ability to speak become disconcerting. It's a delicate balancing act"'' | ''"If they look like cartoons, no one will take them seriously. Conversely, if they look too much like real animals, their facial expressions and ability to speak become disconcerting. It's a delicate balancing act"'' | ||
Uncanny valley and the need for it to be at least slightly real.<Br> | *Uncanny valley and the need for it to be at least slightly real.<Br> | ||
'''Page 10''' | '''Page 10''' | ||
Line 31: | Line 35: | ||
them in circus costumes when we try to make them look like monkeys or pandas."'' | them in circus costumes when we try to make them look like monkeys or pandas."'' | ||
Why do we feel the need to base something off of reality when we have the ability to design anything? Is it a way to feel comfortable? <Br> | *Why do we feel the need to base something off of reality when we have the ability to design anything? Is it a way to feel comfortable? <Br> | ||
'''Page 24''' | '''Page 24''' | ||
'' | ''"The information packet from SaruMech had warned about this; a metal and plastic chassis conducts sound in a way that avatars in Data Earth don't.Jax looks up to face Ana, and she marvels at the sight of him. | ||
She knows that he's not really in the body - Jax's code is still being run on the network, and this robot is just a fancy peripheral - but the illusion is perfect. And even after all their interaction in Data Earth, it's thrilling to have Jax stand in front of her and look her in the eye.'' | She knows that he's not really in the body - Jax's code is still being run on the network, and this robot is just a fancy peripheral - but the illusion is perfect. And even after all their interaction in Data Earth, it's thrilling to have Jax stand in front of her and look her in the eye."'' | ||
*What is the difference between the virtual and the physical? Is it something that requires the senses? The first difference noted were the sounds, textures, and tactile experience.<Br> | |||
'''Page 27''' | '''Page 27''' | ||
Line 44: | Line 50: | ||
'''There were many reasons Blue Gamma targeted the virtual realm instead of the real one - lower cost, ease of social networking - but one was the risk of property damage; they couldn't sell a pet that might tear down your actual Venetian blinds or make mayonnaise castles on your actual rug."'' | '''There were many reasons Blue Gamma targeted the virtual realm instead of the real one - lower cost, ease of social networking - but one was the risk of property damage; they couldn't sell a pet that might tear down your actual Venetian blinds or make mayonnaise castles on your actual rug."'' | ||
What are the benefits of making something virtual? ease of anonymity? less risk?<Br> | *What are the benefits of making something virtual? ease of anonymity? less risk?<Br> | ||
'''Page 28''' | '''Page 28''' | ||
''"Surfaces in Data Earth have a lot of visual detail, but no tactile qualities beyond a coefficient of friction; very few players use controllers that convey tactition; so most vendors don't bother implementing texture for their environmental surfaces. Now that the digients can feel surfaces in the real world, they find novelty in the simplest things."'' | ''"Surfaces in Data Earth have a lot of visual detail, but no tactile qualities beyond a coefficient of friction; very few players use controllers that convey tactition; so most vendors don't bother implementing texture for their environmental surfaces. Now that the digients can feel surfaces in the real world, they find novelty in the simplest things." "boundaries of the physicality" '' | ||
*Designing differences in virtual & physical space <br> | |||
'''Page 35 & 40''' | |||
''"Some volunteers have begun maintaining rescue shelters, accepting unwanted digients in hopes of matching them with new owners. These volunteers practice a variety of strategies; some keep the digients running without interruption" '' | |||
''"the shelters essentially become digient warehouses."'' | |||
''"The customer base has stabilized to a small community of hardcore digient owners, and they don't generate enough revenue to keep Blue Gamma afloat. The company will release a no-fee version of the food-dispensing software so those who want to can keep their digients running as long as they like, but otherwise, the customers | |||
are on their own."'' | |||
*Reminds me of when a technology is no longer supported, usually a group of die-hard fans take it upon themselves to keep it running, this often happens with social platforms. The comment about ending up as warehouses echoes the idea that these things remain left, untouched & ultimately abandoned.<br> | |||
'''Page 42''' | |||
''"Cats, dogs, digients, they're all just substitutes for what we're supposed to be caring for."'' | |||
*One character describes these digital pet as a substitute for the real, and we eventually will return to the real anyway. <br> | |||
'''Page 50''' | |||
''" a couple watch a virtual television"'' | |||
*Even inside a virtual space, we watch a virtual television??? <br> | |||
'''Page 65 & 66''' | |||
''"ANOTHER YEAR PASSES. Currents within the mantle of the marketplace change, and virtual worlds undergo tectonic shifts in response: a new platform called Real Space, implemented using the latest distributed-processing architecture, becomes the hotspot of digital terrain formation. Meanwhile Anywhere and Next Dimension stop expanding at their edges, cooling into a stable configuration. Data Earth has long been a fixture in the universe of virtual worlds, resistant to growth spurts or sharp downturns, but now its topography begins to erode; one by one, its virtual land masses disappear like real islands, vanishing beneath a rising tide of consumer indifference."'' | |||
''"they've created an engine that favors asocial behavior and obsessive personalities."'' | |||
*An echo of the internet and virtual worlds constantly revolutionising and in turn, render previous iterations obsolete. With innovation, things become overlooked and slowly forgotten. <br> | |||
'''Page 69 + 71''' | |||
''"FROM: Stuart Gust | |||
Last night I played SoH with some people who take a | |||
Drayta on their missions, and while he wasn't much fun, he | |||
was definitely useful to have around. It made me wonder | |||
if it has to be one or the other. Those Sophonce digients | |||
aren't any better than ours. Couldn't our digients be both | |||
fun and useful?"'' | |||
''"FROM: Stuart Gust | |||
Yes, I agree with that completely. All I meant was that our | |||
digients might have untapped skills. If there's some kind of | |||
job they'd be good at, wouldn't it be cool for them to do | |||
that job?"'' | |||
*People increasingly want to instill purpose and use into things and the fun and playful aspect become less favoured. <br> | |||
'''Page 76''' | |||
''"the incongruity between the digients' eternally cute avatars and their increasing competence."'' | |||
*Reaffirmation that we only want cute and fun for so long, eventually, we want reality to come back to the forefront. <br> | |||
'''Page 86''' | |||
''"All Data Earth continents will be replaced by identical Real Space versions added to the Real Space universe. They're calling it a merger of two worlds, but it's just a polite way of saying that, after years of upgrades and new versions, Daesan can no longer afford to keep fighting the platform wars."'' | |||
*Old platforms are pushed out in favour of newer technologies, some become emulated but can never capture what they were in their entirety and original form. <br> | |||
'''Page 88 + 89''' | |||
''"those continents are almost entirely devoid of inhabitants."'' | |||
''"they saw how impoverished the private Data Earth was, choosing to suspend their digients rather than raise them in a ghost town."'' | |||
''"There are dungeons without quests, malls without businesses, stadiums without sporting events; it's the digital equivalent of a post-apocalyptic landscape."'' | |||
*Slowly shifting into a non-place, a ghost town. <br> | |||
'''Page 90''' | |||
''"the keyboard and screen are a miserable substitute for being there"'' | |||
*Many people's opinion of virtual worlds over their physical counterparts. <br> | |||
'''Page 99''' | |||
''"the charitably inclined are growing fatigued of hearing about natural endangered species, let alone artificial ones."'' | |||
''"no substitute for a fully populated virtual world."'' | |||
*Opinions of reusing old spaces over the ease of creating & using new popular ones. <br> | |||
'''Page 118 + 119''' | |||
''"the shortcomings of the technology to become blatant"'' | |||
''"still an impoverished medium for intimacy."'' | |||
*The ultimate difference between the virtual and the real? <br> | |||
== Raiders of the Lost Web == | |||
''"The web, as it appears at any one moment, is a phantasmagoria. It’s not a place in any reliable sense of the word. It is not a repository. It is not a library. It is a constantly changing patchwork of perpetual nowness."'' | |||
'''It is a snapshot, it is precarious. Can we save the lost?<br>''' | |||
''“The day-in, day-out maintenance [of the site] just stopped happening, and so pretty quickly, some stuff didn’t work,” Vaughan said"'' | |||
'''forgotten, abandoned, laid to rest.<br>''' | |||
''" “There are now no passive means of preserving digital information,” said Abby Rumsey, a writer and digital historian. In other words if you want to save something online, you have to decide to save it. Ephemerality is built into the very architecture of the web, which was intended to be a messaging system, not a library. " | |||
'' | |||
'''Keeping a platform or space alive is an active choice, it requires maintenance, care and dedication. <br>''' | |||
''"Mostly, but not entirely. The Internet Archive has its Wayback Machine, an archive filled with imprints of web pages as they appeared in the past, like digital fossils. It’s the closest thing we have to an online missile silo where folders can gather dust until the right person comes looking for them. “There’s a school of thinking that says if you can’t do it right, don’t do it at all,” said Scott, who began working for the Internet Archive in 2011. “But the thinking is, let’s do what we can.”'' | |||
''The life cycle of most web pages runs its course in a matter of months. In 1997, the average lifespan of a web page was 44 days; in 2003, it was 100 days. Links go bad even faster. A 2008 analysis of links in 2,700 digital resources—the majority of which had no print counterpart—found that about 8 percent of links stopped working after one year. By 2011, when three years had passed, 30 percent of links in the collection were dead."'' | |||
'''digital warehouses, and wastelands. Modernisation moves swiftly leaving a trail of attempts and iterations lying in the dust.<br> | |||
''' | |||
''"Saving something on the web, just as Kevin Vaughan learned from what happened to his work, means not just preserving websites but maintaining the environments in which they first appeared—the same environments that often fail, even when they’re being actively maintained."'' | |||
'''You cannot just place these spaces in new platforms, you have to situate them within the context in which they were created. <br>''' | |||
''"And while the Archive and other entities are saving—quote-unquote saving—these sites, even those will go to new URLs. They won’t be in the same place. You’ll have to search for them... There are success stories. But meanwhile, silently, thousands of useful things are disappearing. "'' | |||
'''How do we combat this, how do they not become just another nostalgic throwback? How do we give them purpose and a space to thrive creatively?<br>''' | |||
==Mapping Beyond Dewey’s Boundaries: Constructing Classificatory Space for’ Marginalized Knowledge Domains== | |||
"classifications reflect philosophical and ideological presumptions of their cultures and not only the times but also the places." | |||
"any system or structure has limits, and that replacing one system with another will simply define different limits rather than being all-inclusive. " | |||
"Metaphor causes us to “see” the phenomena differently and causes the meanings of terms that are relatively observational and literal in the original system to shift toward the metaphoric meaning." | |||
"cartographical and architectural images are particularly prolific as metaphors for classification" | |||
"That is, the map as a metaphor works because it is comprehensive (including everything), clear, and shows relationships." | |||
"Maps have always determined the limits of our worlds" | |||
"This approach is a way of linking the margins and the center to create a sort of network or web instead of concentric circles with no overlaps." | |||
"it does not put a new structure in place of the old but puts a different spin on existing concepts that come to coexist with concepts from the margins" | |||
"We can also purposely create paradoxical spaces" | |||
"the gathering and proximity sometimes created odd, and even unfriendly, environments" | |||
'''RHETORICAL SPACES''' | |||
''Rhetorical spaces . . . are fictive but not fanciful or fixed locations, whose (tacit, rarely spoken) territorial imperatives structure and limit the kinds of utterances that can be voiced within them with a reasonable expectation of uptake and “choral support”: an expectation of being heard, understood, taken seriously. They are the sites where the very possibility of an utterance counting as “true-or-false” or of a discussion yielding insight is made manifest. Some simple examples will indicate what I mean by the term to achieve. . . . Imagine trying to make a true statement about whether it is more convenient to fly into Newark or La Guardia airport in the year 1600. The statement would not be false but meaningless: it could neither be true nor false within the available discursive possibilities. Or imagine trying to have a productive public debate about abortion in the Vatican in 1995, where there is no available rhetorical space, not because the actual speech acts involved would be overtly prohibited, but because the available rhetorical space is not one where ideas on such a topic can be heard and debated openly, responsively. . . .what I want this terminology [rhetorical space] to do [is], namely to deflect the focus of philosophical analysis away from single and presumably self-contained propositional utterances pronounced by no one in particular and as though into a neutral space; and to move it into textured locations where it matters who is speaking and where and why, and where such mattering bears directly upon the possibility of knowledge claims, mora1 pronouncements, descriptions of “reality ” achieving acknowledgment, going through. Often in such spaces discourse becomes a poiesis, a way of representing experience, reality, that re-makes and alters it in the process. And the making is ordinarily a communal process, dependent for its continuance on receptive conditions, on engaged responses both favourable and critical.'' | |||
# they are constructed, made-up (fictive), but not arbitrary (not fanciful), and dynamic (not fixed). | |||
# The spaces have boundaries. | |||
# What is limited when positive rhetorical space is lacking is voice. | |||
"Because space has boundaries and always includes and excludes something, it cannot be neutral. Making the exclusions visible means identifying the space’s boundaries to allow recognition of what is outside those boundaries." | |||
"In poiesis, we understand that the representation of reality is the construction of reality." | |||
"She continues on to point out that this act of creation or construction determines not only what is knowable, but whose voices are heard." | |||
"That is, both the context and the process affect the construction of reality." | |||
"The same concept can offer other ways of deconstructing and reconstructing not only the limits but also the structures of classification." | |||
"The creation of paradoxical spaces can become a poiesis that alters representation in ways that make boundaries permeable." | |||
"It will allow for more dimensions and, | |||
THUS | |||
more creative connections between places/spaces/concepts than have hitherto been available" |
Latest revision as of 10:59, 7 October 2021
NOTES
The Lifecycle of Software Objects
Page 2
"Can you meet me in Data Earth?" "social continents" "virtual living room"
- Meeting in a virtual world replicating the space in real life.
Page 3
"These aren't the idealized pets marketed to people who can't commit to a real animal; they lack the picture-perfect cuteness, and their movements are too awkward. Neither do they look like inhabitants of Data Earth's biomes"
- References to the uncanny valley, the space between reality and fiction. The uncomfortable but delicate balance.
Page 6
"design a body that manifests the digients' gestures in a way that people can relate to"
- Hinting to the need to design something that already exists in order to feel relatable.
Page 7
"If they look like cartoons, no one will take them seriously. Conversely, if they look too much like real animals, their facial expressions and ability to speak become disconcerting. It's a delicate balancing act"
- Uncanny valley and the need for it to be at least slightly real.
Page 10
""Everyone here thinks of the digients as animals," she says. "The thing is, the digients don't behave like any real animal. They've got this non-animal quality to them, so it feels like we're dressing them in circus costumes when we try to make them look like monkeys or pandas."
- Why do we feel the need to base something off of reality when we have the ability to design anything? Is it a way to feel comfortable?
Page 24
"The information packet from SaruMech had warned about this; a metal and plastic chassis conducts sound in a way that avatars in Data Earth don't.Jax looks up to face Ana, and she marvels at the sight of him. She knows that he's not really in the body - Jax's code is still being run on the network, and this robot is just a fancy peripheral - but the illusion is perfect. And even after all their interaction in Data Earth, it's thrilling to have Jax stand in front of her and look her in the eye."
- What is the difference between the virtual and the physical? Is it something that requires the senses? The first difference noted were the sounds, textures, and tactile experience.
Page 27
'There were many reasons Blue Gamma targeted the virtual realm instead of the real one - lower cost, ease of social networking - but one was the risk of property damage; they couldn't sell a pet that might tear down your actual Venetian blinds or make mayonnaise castles on your actual rug."
- What are the benefits of making something virtual? ease of anonymity? less risk?
Page 28
"Surfaces in Data Earth have a lot of visual detail, but no tactile qualities beyond a coefficient of friction; very few players use controllers that convey tactition; so most vendors don't bother implementing texture for their environmental surfaces. Now that the digients can feel surfaces in the real world, they find novelty in the simplest things." "boundaries of the physicality"
- Designing differences in virtual & physical space
Page 35 & 40
"Some volunteers have begun maintaining rescue shelters, accepting unwanted digients in hopes of matching them with new owners. These volunteers practice a variety of strategies; some keep the digients running without interruption"
"the shelters essentially become digient warehouses."
"The customer base has stabilized to a small community of hardcore digient owners, and they don't generate enough revenue to keep Blue Gamma afloat. The company will release a no-fee version of the food-dispensing software so those who want to can keep their digients running as long as they like, but otherwise, the customers are on their own."
- Reminds me of when a technology is no longer supported, usually a group of die-hard fans take it upon themselves to keep it running, this often happens with social platforms. The comment about ending up as warehouses echoes the idea that these things remain left, untouched & ultimately abandoned.
Page 42
"Cats, dogs, digients, they're all just substitutes for what we're supposed to be caring for."
- One character describes these digital pet as a substitute for the real, and we eventually will return to the real anyway.
Page 50
" a couple watch a virtual television"
- Even inside a virtual space, we watch a virtual television???
Page 65 & 66
"ANOTHER YEAR PASSES. Currents within the mantle of the marketplace change, and virtual worlds undergo tectonic shifts in response: a new platform called Real Space, implemented using the latest distributed-processing architecture, becomes the hotspot of digital terrain formation. Meanwhile Anywhere and Next Dimension stop expanding at their edges, cooling into a stable configuration. Data Earth has long been a fixture in the universe of virtual worlds, resistant to growth spurts or sharp downturns, but now its topography begins to erode; one by one, its virtual land masses disappear like real islands, vanishing beneath a rising tide of consumer indifference."
"they've created an engine that favors asocial behavior and obsessive personalities."
- An echo of the internet and virtual worlds constantly revolutionising and in turn, render previous iterations obsolete. With innovation, things become overlooked and slowly forgotten.
Page 69 + 71
"FROM: Stuart Gust
Last night I played SoH with some people who take a Drayta on their missions, and while he wasn't much fun, he was definitely useful to have around. It made me wonder if it has to be one or the other. Those Sophonce digients aren't any better than ours. Couldn't our digients be both fun and useful?"
"FROM: Stuart Gust
Yes, I agree with that completely. All I meant was that our
digients might have untapped skills. If there's some kind of
job they'd be good at, wouldn't it be cool for them to do
that job?"
- People increasingly want to instill purpose and use into things and the fun and playful aspect become less favoured.
Page 76
"the incongruity between the digients' eternally cute avatars and their increasing competence."
- Reaffirmation that we only want cute and fun for so long, eventually, we want reality to come back to the forefront.
Page 86
"All Data Earth continents will be replaced by identical Real Space versions added to the Real Space universe. They're calling it a merger of two worlds, but it's just a polite way of saying that, after years of upgrades and new versions, Daesan can no longer afford to keep fighting the platform wars."
- Old platforms are pushed out in favour of newer technologies, some become emulated but can never capture what they were in their entirety and original form.
Page 88 + 89
"those continents are almost entirely devoid of inhabitants."
"they saw how impoverished the private Data Earth was, choosing to suspend their digients rather than raise them in a ghost town."
"There are dungeons without quests, malls without businesses, stadiums without sporting events; it's the digital equivalent of a post-apocalyptic landscape."
- Slowly shifting into a non-place, a ghost town.
Page 90
"the keyboard and screen are a miserable substitute for being there"
- Many people's opinion of virtual worlds over their physical counterparts.
Page 99
"the charitably inclined are growing fatigued of hearing about natural endangered species, let alone artificial ones."
"no substitute for a fully populated virtual world."
- Opinions of reusing old spaces over the ease of creating & using new popular ones.
Page 118 + 119
"the shortcomings of the technology to become blatant"
"still an impoverished medium for intimacy."
- The ultimate difference between the virtual and the real?
Raiders of the Lost Web
"The web, as it appears at any one moment, is a phantasmagoria. It’s not a place in any reliable sense of the word. It is not a repository. It is not a library. It is a constantly changing patchwork of perpetual nowness."
It is a snapshot, it is precarious. Can we save the lost?
“The day-in, day-out maintenance [of the site] just stopped happening, and so pretty quickly, some stuff didn’t work,” Vaughan said"
forgotten, abandoned, laid to rest.
" “There are now no passive means of preserving digital information,” said Abby Rumsey, a writer and digital historian. In other words if you want to save something online, you have to decide to save it. Ephemerality is built into the very architecture of the web, which was intended to be a messaging system, not a library. "
Keeping a platform or space alive is an active choice, it requires maintenance, care and dedication.
"Mostly, but not entirely. The Internet Archive has its Wayback Machine, an archive filled with imprints of web pages as they appeared in the past, like digital fossils. It’s the closest thing we have to an online missile silo where folders can gather dust until the right person comes looking for them. “There’s a school of thinking that says if you can’t do it right, don’t do it at all,” said Scott, who began working for the Internet Archive in 2011. “But the thinking is, let’s do what we can.”
The life cycle of most web pages runs its course in a matter of months. In 1997, the average lifespan of a web page was 44 days; in 2003, it was 100 days. Links go bad even faster. A 2008 analysis of links in 2,700 digital resources—the majority of which had no print counterpart—found that about 8 percent of links stopped working after one year. By 2011, when three years had passed, 30 percent of links in the collection were dead."
digital warehouses, and wastelands. Modernisation moves swiftly leaving a trail of attempts and iterations lying in the dust.
"Saving something on the web, just as Kevin Vaughan learned from what happened to his work, means not just preserving websites but maintaining the environments in which they first appeared—the same environments that often fail, even when they’re being actively maintained."
You cannot just place these spaces in new platforms, you have to situate them within the context in which they were created.
"And while the Archive and other entities are saving—quote-unquote saving—these sites, even those will go to new URLs. They won’t be in the same place. You’ll have to search for them... There are success stories. But meanwhile, silently, thousands of useful things are disappearing. "
How do we combat this, how do they not become just another nostalgic throwback? How do we give them purpose and a space to thrive creatively?
Mapping Beyond Dewey’s Boundaries: Constructing Classificatory Space for’ Marginalized Knowledge Domains
"classifications reflect philosophical and ideological presumptions of their cultures and not only the times but also the places."
"any system or structure has limits, and that replacing one system with another will simply define different limits rather than being all-inclusive. "
"Metaphor causes us to “see” the phenomena differently and causes the meanings of terms that are relatively observational and literal in the original system to shift toward the metaphoric meaning."
"cartographical and architectural images are particularly prolific as metaphors for classification"
"That is, the map as a metaphor works because it is comprehensive (including everything), clear, and shows relationships."
"Maps have always determined the limits of our worlds"
"This approach is a way of linking the margins and the center to create a sort of network or web instead of concentric circles with no overlaps."
"it does not put a new structure in place of the old but puts a different spin on existing concepts that come to coexist with concepts from the margins"
"We can also purposely create paradoxical spaces"
"the gathering and proximity sometimes created odd, and even unfriendly, environments"
RHETORICAL SPACES
Rhetorical spaces . . . are fictive but not fanciful or fixed locations, whose (tacit, rarely spoken) territorial imperatives structure and limit the kinds of utterances that can be voiced within them with a reasonable expectation of uptake and “choral support”: an expectation of being heard, understood, taken seriously. They are the sites where the very possibility of an utterance counting as “true-or-false” or of a discussion yielding insight is made manifest. Some simple examples will indicate what I mean by the term to achieve. . . . Imagine trying to make a true statement about whether it is more convenient to fly into Newark or La Guardia airport in the year 1600. The statement would not be false but meaningless: it could neither be true nor false within the available discursive possibilities. Or imagine trying to have a productive public debate about abortion in the Vatican in 1995, where there is no available rhetorical space, not because the actual speech acts involved would be overtly prohibited, but because the available rhetorical space is not one where ideas on such a topic can be heard and debated openly, responsively. . . .what I want this terminology [rhetorical space] to do [is], namely to deflect the focus of philosophical analysis away from single and presumably self-contained propositional utterances pronounced by no one in particular and as though into a neutral space; and to move it into textured locations where it matters who is speaking and where and why, and where such mattering bears directly upon the possibility of knowledge claims, mora1 pronouncements, descriptions of “reality ” achieving acknowledgment, going through. Often in such spaces discourse becomes a poiesis, a way of representing experience, reality, that re-makes and alters it in the process. And the making is ordinarily a communal process, dependent for its continuance on receptive conditions, on engaged responses both favourable and critical.
- they are constructed, made-up (fictive), but not arbitrary (not fanciful), and dynamic (not fixed).
- The spaces have boundaries.
- What is limited when positive rhetorical space is lacking is voice.
"Because space has boundaries and always includes and excludes something, it cannot be neutral. Making the exclusions visible means identifying the space’s boundaries to allow recognition of what is outside those boundaries."
"In poiesis, we understand that the representation of reality is the construction of reality."
"She continues on to point out that this act of creation or construction determines not only what is knowable, but whose voices are heard."
"That is, both the context and the process affect the construction of reality."
"The same concept can offer other ways of deconstructing and reconstructing not only the limits but also the structures of classification."
"The creation of paradoxical spaces can become a poiesis that alters representation in ways that make boundaries permeable."
"It will allow for more dimensions and,
THUS
more creative connections between places/spaces/concepts than have hitherto been available"