Latest revision as of 12:13, 15 April 2019

AI - Artificial Intelligence

automaton(animatronics/mechatronics/robotics/robot/android)
computer science
Logic (formal reasoning) + Philosophy of mathematic + Analytic Philosophy
cryptography (secure communication)

Sections

Knowledge Representation and Reasoning
Automated Planning and Scheduling
Machine Learning
- Computer Chess

>> NNS

chess programming wiki

Natural Language Processing (NLP)
- Chatbots

ELIZA

Computer Vision
Robotics
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)

Brief Historical Context

Ancient Greece

Mythology Hephaestus /Pygmalion / Dedalus (Talos/Pandora/Galatea) // relation between Hephaestus and Dedalus + sphinx as a talking statue
Aristotel - 'Organon' syllogistic logic, first attempt to rappresent logic operators in linguistic symbols + Antikythera mechanism, oldest analogue computer

13th century

Talking heads
Raimond Llull

15th century

Gutenberg - Invention of printing (1456 Gutenberg Bible)
Clocks

17th century

1666 Leibniz - 'Ars combinatoria', symbolic logic

19th century

1822 Babbage - 'Note on the application of machinery to the computation of very big mathematical tables', Difference Engine
1837 Babbage - 'On the Mathematical Power of the Calculating Engine', Analytical Engine
1843 Lovelace - first published algorithm
1847 Boole - 'Mathematical Analysis of Logic', Boolean logic (Boolean algebra, Binary logic)
1847 De Morgan - 'Formal Logic', De Morgan's law
Pierce
Peano
1884 Frege - 'Foundation of Arithmetic'

20th century

1913 Russell, Whitehead - 'Principia Mathematica'
1920 Hilbert - Hilbert's program
1921 Wittgenstein - 'Tractatus-logico philosophicus'
1928 Hilbert - Entscheidungsproblem
1931 Göedel - incompletness theorem, impossibility to prove the Hilbert's program and to clarify the foundation of mathematics
1936 Church, Turing - Church-Turing thesis, impossibility to solve the Entscheidungsproblem
1936 Turing - 'On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem', Turing machine (TM) + Universal Turing Machine (UTM), first theorization of the stored-program computer
1937 Shannon - 'A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits', complete electronic logic gate through the switching circuit theory
1940 COMPUTER SCIENCE >> first Turing-complete computers
1948 Shannon - 'A Mathematical Theory of Communication', Information theory
1948 CYBERNETICS >> Wiener - Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine
1950 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE >> Turing - 'Computing machinery and intelligence', Turing test
1959 Samuel - 'Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers' - Machine Learning
1966 Weizenbaum - ELIZA, first chatbot in natural language processing (NLP) systems

Books & Articles

Turing - Computing machinery and intelligence (1950)
Dreyfus - Alchemy and AI (1965)
Weizenbaum - ELIZA, a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine (1966)

to read
Turing - The essential Turing
Dreyfus - What Computers Can't Do (1972; 1979; 1992) / Mind over Machine (1986)
Asimov - Robot series (three laws of robotics + zeroth law)
Wiener - Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine
Shannon - A Mathematical Theory of Communication

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 == Sections ==
-[[User:Tancre/Prototyping/AI/ELIZA | ELIZA]]
+*Knowledge Representation and Reasoning
+*Automated Planning and Scheduling
+*Machine Learning
+**Computer Chess
+::>> NNS <br>
+::[https://www.chessprogramming.org/NSS  chess programming wiki]
+* Natural Language Processing (NLP)
+** Chatbots
+::[[User:Tancre/Prototyping/AI/ELIZA | ELIZA]]
+*Computer Vision
+*Robotics
+*Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)
 == Brief Historical Context ==
@@ Line 21: / Line 33: @@
 * Clocks
-=== 16th century ===
 === 17th century ===
 Leibniz - 'Ars combinatoria', '''symbolic logic''' <br>
-=== 18th century ===
-Lambert
 === 19th century ===
@@ Line 46: / Line 55: @@
 Turing - 'On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidungsproblem', '''Turing machine (TM)''' + '''Universal Turing Machine (UTM)''', first theorization of the '''stored-program computer''' <br>
 Shannon - 'A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits', complete '''electronic logic gate''' through the '''switching circuit theory'''<br>
-'''COMPUTER SCIENCE''' >> first Turing-complete computer (Z3, ENIAC) <br>
+'''COMPUTER SCIENCE''' >> first Turing-complete computers <br>
 Shannon - 'A Mathematical Theory of Communication', '''Information theory''' <br>
+'''CYBERNETICS''' >> Wiener - Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine <br>
 '''ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE''' >> Turing - 'Computing machinery and intelligence', '''Turing test''' <br>
+Samuel - 'Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers' - '''Machine Learning''' <br>
 Weizenbaum - '''ELIZA''', first '''chatbot''' in '''natural language processing (NLP)''' systems <br>
 == Books & Articles ==
+Turing - Computing machinery and intelligence (1950)<br>
+Dreyfus - Alchemy and AI (1965) <br>
+Weizenbaum - ELIZA, a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine (1966)<br>
+<small>'''to read'''</small> <br>
 Turing - [http://www.cse.chalmers.se/~aikmitr/papers/Turing.pdf The essential Turing] <br>
+Dreyfus - What Computers Can't Do (1972; 1979; 1992) / Mind over Machine (1986) <br>
 Asimov - Robot series (three laws of robotics + zeroth law) <br>
-Weizenbaum - ELIZA, a computer program for the study of natural language communication between man and machine
+Wiener - Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine <br>
+Shannon - A Mathematical Theory of Communication

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