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Abstract

Brian Holmes: Future Map. Or: How the Cyborgs Learned To Stop Worrying and Love Surveillance. In: http://brianholmes.wordpress.com, September 9, 2007.[1]
The essay explores the "systemic unity of man and machine, split at its heart by an ontology of the enemy […] in order to understand a new understanding of surveillance".

Key Points

Norbert Wiener
- God & Golem, Inc. > Can god play a significant game with his own creature?, 1964
- Teleological Society to study intersections of neurology and engineering
- this transformed into the famous Macy Conferences > term Cybernetics, 1947
- about "Circular Causal and Feedback Mechanisms in Biological and Social Systems"
- renounced any direct collaboration with the military brass and giant corporations
- anti-militarist stance placed him next to anti-communist and matematician Van Neumann
John Van Neumann
- central figure in the creation of the atom bomb and developer of two-person game theory
- attended the Atomic Energy Commission meetings on a wheelchair
- thought to have been among the models for Stanley Kubrick's Dr. Strangelove
Wiener – God and Golem
- worked on a closed-loop information system called an antiaircraft predictor, 1940
- inscription of the human element into a system > servomechanism and feedback loop
- new creatures between machinelike, implacable humasn and intelligent, humanlike machines
- cybernetics was a manichean science, permeated by the violent interrogations of its subject and the dissimulating absence of its object > the ontology of the enemy
Concept of Surveillance
- has to be expanded far beyond its traditional range
- automated inspection of personal data can no longer be conceived as purely negative
- proactive force > multiple feedback loops of a cybernetic society, to controll the future
- Golem is ourselves, the cyborg populations of the comuterized democracies
- our movements become the information that is merged into statistics for products / services
- Wiener's philosophical question returnes in an inverse form:
- Can a creature play a significant game with her creator / the cybernetic society?
Cardinal Points
- four characteristic technological systems, which trace out the contours of our society:
- The Joint Helmet-Mounted Cueing System
- InferX privacy preserving real-time analytics
- Personicx customer relationship management system
- Orbit Traffic Management Technology
Sourveillance Techniques
- control systems which rely on predictive algorithms
- opposes the public/private divide on which individual choice in a democracy was founded
- Habermas: structural transformation of the public sphere has crossed new treshold
- different kind of society, based not on infromed debate and democreatic decision but on electronic identification, statistical prediction and environmental seduction
- future mapping via data collection, predictive analysis and environmental simulation
- architectural critic Sze Tsung Leong: control space, i.e. real-time shaped urban design
- adjustment of an aparathus / environment according to feedback data on its human variables
Case Studies
- literary image of Big Brother in George Orwell's 1984
- comples architectural image of the Panopticon
Michel Foucault
- lectures Security, Territory, Population, 1978 > distance himself from the Panopticon
- he introduced this concept of a disciplinary society two years before (Discipline and Punish)
- examples like redevelopment plan for the city of Nantes in the 18th-century
- "reduce the most unfavorable, deviant normalities in relation to the normal, general curve"
- liberal art of government consists in intervening not on players but on the rules of the game
Cybernetics
- etymology means both steersman and governor
- has become the applied social science of control at a distance
- correlate of American aspirations to global free trade / to liberal empire
- relation between classical liberalism and technological control
Daniel Bell
- "games between persons" have replaced any kind of collective struggle against nature
- this society is the framework in which individuals, groupds and populations all become Cyborgs
- Cyborgs > people bound inseparably to machines
- they are struggling to make sense and achieve purposes within these manipulative systems
Precog Visions
- William Bogard: The Simulation of Surveillance
- explores an imaginary future or social science fiction where surveillance outstrips itself to become simulation, a virtual reality in which crime is already vanquished and desire is already satisfied
- simulation is "perfect surveillance […] where nothing escapes the gaze" > foreknowledge
- very close to a game-theoretic vision, in which all the moves are already known and played
Steven Spielberg: Minority Report
- tale of the experimental pre-crime department of the Washington D.C. police in 2054
- tracking technologies by imagining their logical development in the future
- precognitives > strange, misshapen creatures, full of drugs, bathing in some amniotic solution, with electrodes in their heads to read off their visions of the future > Cyborgs
- precogs generate mental images of the future without any mediation of computer analysis
FutureMAP
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency > Futures Markets Applied to Prediction, 2002
- part of the Total Infromation Awareness program under the authority of a convicted criminal
- Foucault > system of correlation between juridico-legal / disciplinary / mechanisms of security

@@ Line 14: / Line 14: @@
 #*renounced any direct collaboration with the military brass and giant corporations
 #*anti-militarist stance placed him next to anti-communist and matematician Van Neumann
-#Van Neumann
+#John Van Neumann
 #*central figure in the creation of the atom bomb and developer of two-person game theory
 #*attended the Atomic Energy Commission meetings on a wheelchair
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 #*<i>future mapping</i> via data collection, predictive analysis and environmental simulation
 #*architectural critic Sze Tsung Leong: <i>control space</i>, i.e. real-time shaped urban design
+#*adjustment of an aparathus / environment according to feedback data on its human variables
+#Case Studies
+#*literary image of Big Brother in George Orwell's <i>1984</i>
+#*comples architectural image of the Panopticon
+#Michel Foucault
+#*lectures <i>Security, Territory, Population</i>, 1978 > distance himself from the Panopticon
+#*he introduced this concept of a disciplinary society two years before (<i>Discipline and Punish</i>)
+#*examples like redevelopment plan for the city of Nantes in the 18th-century
+#*"reduce the most unfavorable, deviant normalities in relation to the normal, general curve"
+#*liberal art of government consists in intervening not on players but on the <i>rules of the game</i>
+#Cybernetics
+#*etymology means both <i>steersman</i> and <i>governor</i>
+#*has become the applied social science of control at a distance
+#*correlate of American aspirations to global free trade / to liberal empire
+#*relation between classical liberalism and technological control
+#Daniel Bell
+#*"games between persons" have replaced any kind of collective struggle against nature
+#*this society is the framework in which individuals, groupds and populations all become <i>Cyborgs</i>
+#*<i>Cyborgs</i> > people bound inseparably to machines
+#*they are struggling to make sense and achieve purposes within these manipulative systems
+#Precog Visions
+#*William Bogard: <i>The Simulation of Surveillance</i>
+#*explores an imaginary future or <i>social science fiction</i> where surveillance outstrips itself to become simulation, a virtual reality in which crime is already vanquished and desire is already satisfied
+#*simulation is "perfect surveillance […] where nothing escapes the gaze" > foreknowledge
+#*very close to a game-theoretic vision, in which all the moves are already known and played
+#Steven Spielberg: <i>Minority Report</i>
+#*tale of the experimental <i>pre-crime department</i> of the Washington D.C. police in 2054
+#*tracking technologies by imagining their logical development in the future
+#*precognitives > strange, misshapen creatures, full of drugs, bathing in some amniotic solution, with electrodes in their heads to read off their visions of the future > <i>Cyborgs</i>
+#*precogs generate mental images of the future without any mediation of computer analysis
+#FutureMAP
+#*Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency > <i>Futures Markets Applied to Prediction</i>, 2002
+#*part of the Total Infromation Awareness program under the authority of a convicted criminal
+#*Foucault > system of correlation between juridico-legal / disciplinary / mechanisms of security
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