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=ABSTRACT=
=ABSTRACT=
<center>
<center>
''The traces of digital information are exponential ...<br>
The traces of digital information are exponential ...<br>
They contain various sources...<br>
They contain various sources...<br>
They travel, scattered, being trade - transacted or serve as a found footage for an artistic
They travel, scattered, being trade - transacted or serve as a found footage for an artistic
Line 16: Line 16:
</center>
</center>


=INTRO=
==INTRO==
<br>
This text will departure from the notion of property and ownership to digital property/ digital rights and digital ownership.
The definition of property according to history, law culture studies and art ( intellectual property / copyright ad copyleft regimes) in order to examine the question of the digital property.<br>
The following theme will be revealed in the text as providing supporting arguments: <br>
MAIN THEME: OWNERSHIP/ DIGITAL PROPERTY/ PROPERTY RIGHTS
<br>
<br>
<br>
=='''New Skeleton Grad Thesis: <br>'''==
< ctrl + C / ctrl +V  chapter :. <br>
*use value the power of the copy or hard to distinguish from the original ( +, - )<br>
argument:  digital object allows multiple copies of one single file, reproducing an accurate / exact copy of the original. Comparing with the analog object where every copy modifies the original. Moreover each copying of the copy introduce / induce noise to the copy and the original itself.
<br>
<Enter chapter :. <br>
*share value or the digital object inherit the distribution value <br>
'''argument:''' tangible and intangible properties of the digital object or the lost of the physicality, so it makes it difficult to apply the same laws.


<Del chapter:. <br>
temporary unavailable will be filled soon!
*expanded storage / the impossibility to delete the digital file / missing erase button 
the extend of the storage / memory capacity  to save, preserve and archive. <br>
     
<Shift <br>
revisit the copyright law and break the myth of the ownership of digital object.<br>
'''argument:''' Copyright enclosure is build on top of the laws, applied to physical property.
It can not be applied to the digital objects because of the nature of the digital and the listed properties.


<? <br>
Owned by nobody, the web could become the common property of all. (R.B) <br>
'''argument:''' The digital / digitization made us believe that the knowledge can be free / share and common for all.
Investigate cloud services and the private corporations entering into the public domain.


conclusion :.
==CHAPTERS ==


Bibliography:<br>
Grad_Skeleton:<br>
Kleiner. Dmytri / The Telekommunist Manifesto
'''PART #1'''<br>
              <'''ctrl + C / ctrl +V  chapter''' :.<br> 
              [[File:Esc key 2.jpg|frameless]]
'''question:''' digital object and its properties what has change from analog to digital? <br>
'''argument''': tangible and intangible properties of the digital object or the lost of the physicality makes it difficult to apply the same principles.<br>
use value and copy make hard to distinguish the copy from the original <br>
'''argument''':  digital object allows multiple copies of one single file, reproducing an accurate / exact copy of the original. Comparing with the analog object where every copy modifies the original.<br>
Moreover each copying of the copy introduce / induce noise to the copy and the original itself. The digital object inherited share and distribution value.
<br>


Hyves. Lewis // Common as air
            <'''Del chapter''' :.<br>
expanded storage / the impossibility to delete the digital file / missing erase button  <br>
the extend of the storage / memory capacity to save, preserve and archive. <br>
Where the story of recovery of data from hard drives comes along ...<br>
analog with the anecdote about Ghana disclosure of data. <br>


Banner. Stuart / American Property: A History of How, Why, and What We Own (Harvard)
University Press, 2011); Who Owns the Sky?


Barbrook. Richard /
------------------------------
[[ http://constantvzw.org/verlag/spip.php?page=article&id_article=20&mot_filtre=9&id_lang=0]]


'''notes on :''' <br>
Blackstone. William <br>
Locke. John / Of property <br>


'''PART#2'''<br>




      <'''Shift chapter''':.
            [[File:Shift_key.jpg|frameless]]
'''question''': How the copyright low is used to constrain and mimic the properties of analog?
For example a digital file (pdf) is threaten the same way as a book.<br>
revisit the copyright law and break the myth of the ownership of digital file.<br>
'''argument''': Copyright enclosure is build on top of laws, applied to physical property. <br>
It can not be applied to the digital objects because of the nature of the digital and the listed properties.<br>
Please see --><br>
#REDIRECT [[User:Michaela/Understanding copyright/ copyleft /copyfarleft]]
<br>
'''Case_study:''' >[http://www.seditionart.com/ Sedition] – an online art platform for selling art where an edition of a hundred unique digital copies are offered for sell. <br>
"Limited edition of art for your digital life"<br>




              <'''Ctrl chapter''' :.
              [[File:Ctrl key.png|frameless]]


'''argument''': The digital / digitization made us believe that the knowledge can be free / share and  common for all.  <br>
This chapter will investigate “ cloud services” and fairness of access. Who is the actual owner of the content available online? Did it become a common property of all, pointed by Richard Barbrook or it is hold by other entity?<br>
What if there is a time-based service that provides the users to obtain certain control over or expiration time on their content or applying a delete key?<br>
'''Case_study''': [http://vanish.cs.washington.edu/ Vanish] is a research project and a software bundle, initiated by Roxana Geambasu, Amit Levy and Yoshi Kohno
which aims to help users to preserve some control, by ensuring that the electronic data, posted on the web such as emails, massages, photos, as well as text becomes permanently unavailable after a specified period of time.


Please see the annotation on Vanish project --><br>
#REDIRECT [[User: Michaela/Notes and annotations]]
==Bibliography (so far)==


Kleiner. Dmytri, ''The Telekommunist Manifesto''


Hyves. Lewis, ''Common as air''


Banner. Stuart, ''American Property: A History of How, Why, and What We Own?''


'''old version: <br>'''
Jefrey. Rosen, ''The end of forgetting''  


Mayer-Schönberger. Viktor, ''Delete:The Virtue of Forgetting in the Digital Age''


Barbrook. Richard, <br>
[http://constantvzw.org/verlag/spip.php?page=article&id_article=20&mot_filtre=9&id_lang=0 The Regulation of Liberty: free speech, free trade and free gifts on the Net]
<br>
<br>
'''notes:'''<br>
Blackstone. William //<br>
Locke. John // Of property


I will map a research from art practices as DADA, ready-made and SI applied to my own practice or the current grad project retrieving hard drives and using the information out of them for my own purpose.<br><br>
==== '''<chapter#1 ownership''' ====
<<The story of Ghana digital trash camps:
<<< e-waste, data remanence, data thief
or how the data can be recovered and serve as an evidence
Questions about e-waste and digital recycling, digital trash and data recycling.<br>
<<<'data erasure' term - or the only way to erase data permanently is physically to destroy a hard disk drive. In the past shredders were used to destroy confidential, secret papers now there are replaces by data shredders.<br>
<br>


===='''<chapter#2 memory'''====
=======================
This chapter will be about the technical aspect of data recovery process 
possible entry_ art context&own practice???
more specifically:  clusters, partitions, Gutmann method etc.


===='''<chapter#3 code''' ====
I will map a research from art practices as appropriation, DADA, ready-made and SI applied to my own practice or the current grad project - retrieving hard drives and using the information out of them for an artistic purposes.<br><br>
This chapter is about the performative aspect of the code.<br>
Code as Language


==== '''<chapter#4 space'''  ====
=======================
This chapter will be about the final work. Description/ set up etc.


'''links:<br>'''
'''links ( to be moved from this dir ) :<br>'''


[http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/ghana804/video/video_index.html Ghana digital dumping ground article]
[http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/ghana804/video/video_index.html Ghana digital dumping ground article]

Latest revision as of 09:42, 12 March 2014

Useful links:
A Guide to Essay Writing

Thesis Guidelines

Draft_ thesis skeleton:

ABSTRACT

The traces of digital information are exponential ...
They contain various sources...
They travel, scattered, being trade - transacted or serve as a found footage for an artistic interventions...
Traces of digital data are tangible. Events or evidences, which meant to be deleted from a system...
they serve as a subject of recovery, revisit and exposure...

INTRO

temporary unavailable will be filled soon!


CHAPTERS

Grad_Skeleton:
PART #1

             <ctrl + C / ctrl +V  chapter :.
   
             Esc key 2.jpg

question: digital object and its properties what has change from analog to digital?
argument: tangible and intangible properties of the digital object or the lost of the physicality makes it difficult to apply the same principles.
use value and copy make hard to distinguish the copy from the original
argument: digital object allows multiple copies of one single file, reproducing an accurate / exact copy of the original. Comparing with the analog object where every copy modifies the original.
Moreover each copying of the copy introduce / induce noise to the copy and the original itself. The digital object inherited share and distribution value. 

            <Del chapter :.

expanded storage / the impossibility to delete the digital file / missing erase button
the extend of the storage / memory capacity to save, preserve and archive.
Where the story of recovery of data from hard drives comes along ...
analog with the anecdote about Ghana disclosure of data.



PART#2


<Shift chapter:. 

            Shift key.jpg

question: How the copyright low is used to constrain and mimic the properties of analog? For example a digital file (pdf) is threaten the same way as a book.
revisit the copyright law and break the myth of the ownership of digital file.
argument: Copyright enclosure is build on top of laws, applied to physical property.
It can not be applied to the digital objects because of the nature of the digital and the listed properties.
Please see -->

  1. REDIRECT User:Michaela/Understanding copyright/ copyleft /copyfarleft


Case_study: >Sedition – an online art platform for selling art where an edition of a hundred unique digital copies are offered for sell.
"Limited edition of art for your digital life"


              <Ctrl chapter :.
              Ctrl key.png

argument: The digital / digitization made us believe that the knowledge can be free / share and common for all.
This chapter will investigate “ cloud services” and fairness of access. Who is the actual owner of the content available online? Did it become a common property of all, pointed by Richard Barbrook or it is hold by other entity?
What if there is a time-based service that provides the users to obtain certain control over or expiration time on their content or applying a delete key?
Case_study: Vanish is a research project and a software bundle, initiated by Roxana Geambasu, Amit Levy and Yoshi Kohno which aims to help users to preserve some control, by ensuring that the electronic data, posted on the web such as emails, massages, photos, as well as text becomes permanently unavailable after a specified period of time.

Please see the annotation on Vanish project -->

  1. REDIRECT User: Michaela/Notes and annotations

Bibliography (so far)

Kleiner. Dmytri, The Telekommunist Manifesto

Hyves. Lewis, Common as air

Banner. Stuart, American Property: A History of How, Why, and What We Own?

Jefrey. Rosen, The end of forgetting

Mayer-Schönberger. Viktor, Delete:The Virtue of Forgetting in the Digital Age

Barbrook. Richard,
The Regulation of Liberty: free speech, free trade and free gifts on the Net

notes:
Blackstone. William //
Locke. John // Of property


===========

possible entry_ art context&own practice???

I will map a research from art practices as appropriation, DADA, ready-made and SI applied to my own practice or the current grad project - retrieving hard drives and using the information out of them for an artistic purposes.

===========

links ( to be moved from this dir ) :

Ghana digital dumping ground article

Illegal e-waste dumped in Ghana includes unencrypted hard drives full of US security secrets

Legend of multiple passes of overwriting:

http://grot.com/wordpress/?p=154

http://www.pcworld.com/article/209418/how_do_i_permanently_delete_files_from_my_hard_disk.html

https://ssd.eff.org/tech/deletion

http://security.stackexchange.com/questions/10464/why-is-writing-zeros-or-random-data-over-a-hard-drive-multiple-times-better-th

[http://www.theguardian.com/world/video/2014/jan/31/snowden-files-computer-destroyed-guardian-gchq-basement-video theguardian_snowden-files-computer-destroyed]

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