User:Lidia.Pereira/Trimesters/RWRM/FC

Eric Kluitenberg
Economic dimension of free culture - how do transactions work?
Author =/= media industry/market interests --> endless extension of copyright law (Disney)
Economic paradigm shift - competition in "free" market to "co-operation" (perhaps it is more efficient to think about co-operating instead of competing) ---> networked societies/multitude, state of global interdependence (globalization, environmental issues, migration)
Free culture is the most economically sound way of dealing with this paradigm shift; sharing and exchanging should be the logical outcome of a co-operative economic system.
Consequences of free culture: value through identity, innovation, more equality of opportunities, transaction costs are driven down (if everything is available, economic revenue will go down - if I use a free font in my design, my work will cost less - but what if the rest of the economy does not accompany this free and cooperative system?)
Recommended books:
"The penguin and the Leviathan - how cooperation triumphs over self-interest", Yochai Benkler (Harvard professor) (available on epub!)
"Synthetic Overview of the Collaborative Economy" P2P Foundation Research Team, Michel Bauwens, Chiang Mai
http://wealthofthecommons.org/

Aymeric Mansoux
Direct and indirect, voluntary and involuntary forms of cooperation.
BSD - not a copyleft license; it does not force you, legally, to share the modifications of the source code.
PureData (visual programming language - free/open source software)
Free labor (what kind of financial transaction exists? Does it work through a simple binary of explorer/explored)
PureData developpers get payed by institutions more or less independent from the project itself, some of them get payed for their development work, some of them get payed by those institutions, fact which allows them to have time and financial disposition to commit to this project. happiness, Self-realisation, research purposes come into play, creating a ecosystem of relations until...
A wild third party connected with mobile devices appears !!
"Let's meet in a super fancy hotel", was the proposition made to the community / hackathon, sprint, code party - work and pleasure mixed --> all sponsored by a super nice big mobile phone corporation.
And then, of course, an app is created and none of the revenue goes back to the developpers. And the media industry lived happily ever after, without ever sharing back the integral code that made it all possible. They only shared a little subset of this code, making sure their profit would not be endangered by this gesture of extreme good-will. If you want to have your name in the project, you can only use a BSD license. If you want to use a copyleft license to your modifications, for example, a GPL license, you have to give up your authoral rights to the company. This app brought a lot of hype to Pure Data users, shedding light on all the previous unknown artists, so it actually poured indirect revenue on the original ecosystem. In the end, it's not a simple binary of explorers and explored, there are a lot of subtelties that should be taken into account.

Binaries
"Free Culture and Capitalism are complementary." // "Free Culture and Capitalism are incompatible."
"Free as in free beer." // "Free as in freedom."
"Attribution is fundamental." // "Attribution is not important."

Case Study: YouTube
When you post content on youtube:
You grant them with a license to use, reproduce, distribute, prepare derivative works of, display, and perform that content (including for promotion purposes) in any media formats and through any media chanels. Being super-nice people, they also grant you a licence to use, reproduce, distribute, prepare derivative works, display and perform your own content. All other content in the service is either owned by or licensed to YouTube, subject to copyright laws and other intelectual property rights.

Remix Culture? On YouTube? Why is that wrong with this concept?
- Remix Culture / Read Only Culture
- Remixing on YouTube still locks culture down to videos licensed through CC BY
- Business as usual - they still retain the rights to your video, they can still use it for their own profit
- Creative Commons or the Dangers of Freedom on Youtube

http://www.cmsimpact.org/sites/default/files/good_bad_confusing.pdf