Install Mediawiki: Difference between revisions
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Setting up your own Mediawiki. | Setting up your own Mediawiki. | ||
==Which wiki?== | |||
There are many different kinds of wiki softwares around: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wiki_software | |||
* https://classic.tiddlywiki.com/ | |||
* http://fed.wiki.org/view/federated-wiki | |||
For this page we will focus on installing '''MediaWiki'''. | |||
https://www.mediawiki.org/ | |||
==Where is your wiki?== | |||
===click and install=== | |||
Most regular web hosting companies allow for installing MediaWiki without too much trouble, although maintaining and upgrading the code would still in most cases be up to you. | |||
==="wiki-family" or "wiki farm"=== | |||
If you want to run a MediaWiki wiki and don't want to maintain your own infrastructure, you might be interested in a wiki-family or wiki farm. | |||
One of those wiki hosting providers is Fandom (earlier called Wikicities and Wikia), see: https://www.fandom.com/ | |||
For more information and a list of wiki farms see: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Hosting_services | |||
===on your own server=== | |||
If you want to install a wiki on your own server, you can follow the steps on this page. | |||
For notes on how to choose what kind of server you would like to work with and how to install it, see: https://pad.xpub.nl/p/hosting-and-serving | |||
==Dependencies== | ==Dependencies== | ||
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Install <code>PHP</code> + the <code>fpm</code> and <code>php-mysql</code> extension: | Install <code>PHP</code> + the <code>fpm</code> and <code>php-mysql</code> extension: | ||
$ sudo apt install php php-common php-fpm php-mysql | $ sudo apt install php php-common php-fpm php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-intl | ||
Configure your webserver to work with the <code>fpm</code> extension. | Configure your webserver to work with the <code>fpm</code> extension. | ||
Line 36: | Line 67: | ||
For example, when you work with nginx, edit the default config file with: | For example, when you work with nginx, edit the default config file with: | ||
$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default | $ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default | ||
and add the following snippet: | and add the following snippet: | ||
Line 46: | Line 77: | ||
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock; | fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock; | ||
} | } | ||
First test if the <code>nginx</code> if oke: | |||
sudo nginx -t | |||
And now reload <code>nginx</code> to apply the changes you made to this config file: | |||
$ sudo service nginx reload | |||
To see if php works now, you can make a php file in <code>/var/www/html/</code> called <code>test.php</code>: | To see if php works now, you can make a php file in <code>/var/www/html/</code> called <code>test.php</code>: | ||
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Rename the wiki folder something short, like "wiki". | Rename the wiki folder something short, like "wiki". | ||
mv mediawiki-1. | mv mediawiki-1.38.4 wiki | ||
== Configure the URL == | == Configure the URL == | ||
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To connect the folder <code>/var/www/wiki/</code> to an url like <code>https://hub.xpub.nl/soupboat/wiki/</code> we need to edit the configuration file of the webserver. | To connect the folder <code>/var/www/wiki/</code> to an url like <code>https://hub.xpub.nl/soupboat/wiki/</code> we need to edit the configuration file of the webserver. | ||
$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites- | $ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default | ||
Add the following lines: | Add the following lines: | ||
Line 102: | Line 141: | ||
First '''log in''' into MariaDB as '''root''': | First '''log in''' into MariaDB as '''root''': | ||
$ sudo mysql -u root | $ sudo mysql -u root | ||
Create a '''new database''': | Create a '''new database''': | ||
('''Note''': replace " | ('''Note''': replace "NAMEOFYOURDATABASE" with the name of your wiki, for example: mywiki.) | ||
CREATE DATABASE '''NAMEOFYOURDATABASE'''; | |||
Create a '''dedicated user''' for this database and '''assign a password''' | Create a '''dedicated user''' for this database and '''assign a password'''. | ||
Write this password down, you will need it later to configure the wiki. | |||
('''Note''': replace "'''USERNAME'''" and "'''SOMEPASSWORD'''" with something else.) | |||
CREATE USER ''''USERNAME''''@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY ''''SOMEPASSWORD''''; | |||
Give this user '''the rights to edit the database''': | Give this user '''the rights to edit the database''': | ||
GRANT ALL ON '''NAMEOFYOURDATABASE'''.* TO ''''USERNAME''''@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION; | |||
Check if it worked: | |||
SHOW GRANTS FOR ''''USERNAME''''@'localhost'; | |||
Exit MariaDB: | Exit MariaDB: | ||
Line 136: | Line 179: | ||
Give the wiki a name and fill in the administrator account info. When in doubt, leave things at the default values. | Give the wiki a name and fill in the administrator account info. When in doubt, leave things at the default values. | ||
At the end, download the | At the end, download the '''LocalSettings.php''' file. | ||
== Upload LocalSettings.php == | == Upload LocalSettings.php == | ||
Upload the LocalSettings.php file you just downloaded to the folder of your wiki: <code>/var/www/wiki/</code>. | Upload the '''LocalSettings.php''' file you just downloaded to the folder of your wiki: <code>/var/www/wiki/</code>. | ||
The wiki should work now! | The wiki should work now! | ||
Try it out by opening your wiki: https://hub.xpub.nl/soupboat/wiki/ | Try it out by opening your wiki: https://hub.xpub.nl/soupboat/wiki/ | ||
Point your browser to the URL of your wiki, and see if it works! | |||
<span style="color:red;">NOTE: <code>Special:Version</code> is a useful page to see the metadat of your wiki!</span> | |||
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== Enable uploads == | == Enable uploads == | ||
Enable uploads in your LocalSettings.php: | Enable uploads in your '''LocalSettings.php''': | ||
$wgEnableUploads = true; # Enable uploads | |||
and change permissions of the images folder: | and change permissions of the images folder: | ||
Line 172: | Line 219: | ||
From: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuring_file_uploads | From: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuring_file_uploads | ||
== | == Change upload size == | ||
You can change the upload size limit in the '''php.ini''' file (this is the configuration file for php). | |||
See where it is at the server with: | |||
$ php --ini | |||
Open the php.ini file with <code>nano</code>: | |||
$ sudo nano /path/to/file/php.ini | |||
Search for <code>upload_max_filesize</code> and <code>post_max_size</code> and change the values to your desired upload size, for example to: <code>32M</code> | |||
Since we're running php through fpm, we need to restart the php-fpm service to apply these changes. | |||
Check which version you are running: | |||
$ sudo service --status-all | |||
Then restart the service, replace "X" with the version number you are using: | |||
$ sudo service php7.X-fpm restart | |||
Next to this, you also need to configure the upload size in your <code>LocalSettings.php</code> file, add the following: | |||
[SOON] | |||
Try to upload a file to see if it works. | |||
== Who is editing? == | |||
How open/closed do you want your wiki to be? | How open/closed do you want your wiki to be? | ||
Line 179: | Line 256: | ||
* public, only people with accounts can edit, account creation is open | * public, only people with accounts can edit, account creation is open | ||
* public, only people with accounts can edit, account creation is closed | * public, only people with accounts can edit, account creation is closed | ||
* non-public, only you can edit | * non-public, only you can edit | ||
== Back up your wiki == | |||
You can make a copy of the wiki's database with <code>mysqldump</code>: | |||
$ mysqldump -u DBUSER DBNAME > DBNAME.sql | |||
Next to the database, you will also need to back up: | |||
* <code>LocalSettings.php</code> | |||
* <code>images/</code> | |||
* <code>extension/</code> | |||
You can '''compress''' these files into one <code>.tar</code> file: | |||
$ tar -czvf backup.tar.gz DBNAME.sql LocalSettings.php images extensions | |||
This is your back up now, you can move it to a safe place, for example another computer/hard drive/usb stick/... | |||
When you need the files, you can '''extract''' this tar file again with: | |||
.. | $ tar -xzvf backup.tar.gz | ||
== Extensions == | == Extensions == | ||
... | You can find lists of extensions on the MediaWiki wiki: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Category:Extensions | ||
There are instructions on the MediaWiki page of the extension about the installations. | |||
But basically you follow the following steps. | |||
Copy the extension to: | |||
/var/www/wiki/extensions | |||
And then activate it in your LocalSettings.php: | |||
/var/www/wiki/extensions/LocalSettings.php | |||
... | with the following line: | ||
wfLoadExtension( 'NAMEOFYOUREXTENSION' ); | |||
If it is installed correctly, it should show up on this page: | |||
URL-TO-YOUR-WIKI/Special:Version | |||
== Customizing == | |||
===Choose a skin=== | |||
See: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Category:All_skins + https://skins.wmflabs.org/#/explore | |||
You can find instructions regarding how to install the skin on the MediaWiki page for the skin, for example this is the page for the Vector skin: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Skin:Vector | |||
===Tweaking the skin=== | |||
You can edit the CSS of the skin at this wiki page: <code>MediaWiki:Common.css</code> | |||
And leave javascript code here: <code>MediaWiki:Common.js</code> | |||
===Customize text and menu's=== | |||
Edit the menu: <code>MediaWiki:Sidebar</code> | |||
Edit system texts: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:System_message | |||
You can find all system texts at: | |||
Special:AllMessages | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Wiki]]: more context of the MediaWiki software | |||
* [[Wiki_Tutorial]]: a guide for the MediaWiki syntax and editing | |||
* https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Installing_MediaWiki | * https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Installing_MediaWiki | ||
* [[Setting up a mediawiki instance on the sandbox]] | * [[Setting up a mediawiki instance on the sandbox]] | ||
* [[User:Rita_Graca/trimester6/technicaldocumentation#Installing_Mediawiki_on_the_pi | Rita's Notes]] | * [[User:Rita_Graca/trimester6/technicaldocumentation#Installing_Mediawiki_on_the_pi | Rita's Notes]] | ||
* https://pad.xpub.nl/p/mediawiki-install-party | * https://pad.xpub.nl/p/mediawiki-install-party (MediaWiki install party in 2021) | ||
[[Category:MediaWiki]] |
Latest revision as of 12:13, 20 September 2024
Setting up your own Mediawiki.
Which wiki?
There are many different kinds of wiki softwares around: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wiki_software
For this page we will focus on installing MediaWiki.
Where is your wiki?
click and install
Most regular web hosting companies allow for installing MediaWiki without too much trouble, although maintaining and upgrading the code would still in most cases be up to you.
"wiki-family" or "wiki farm"
If you want to run a MediaWiki wiki and don't want to maintain your own infrastructure, you might be interested in a wiki-family or wiki farm.
One of those wiki hosting providers is Fandom (earlier called Wikicities and Wikia), see: https://www.fandom.com/
For more information and a list of wiki farms see: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Hosting_services
on your own server
If you want to install a wiki on your own server, you can follow the steps on this page.
For notes on how to choose what kind of server you would like to work with and how to install it, see: https://pad.xpub.nl/p/hosting-and-serving
Dependencies
Mediawiki requires 3 things to be installed:
- PHP
- webserver (like nginx or apache)
- database (MariaDB, MySQL, SQLite or PostgreSQL)
Check the Mediawiki download page to see which exact versions you need:
https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Installation_requirements
Install a database
For this example we will use MariaDB
.
$ sudo apt install mariadb-server
Install a webserver
For this example we will use nginx
.
$ sudo apt install nginx
Install PHP
Install PHP
+ the fpm
and php-mysql
extension:
$ sudo apt install php php-common php-fpm php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-intl
Configure your webserver to work with the fpm
extension.
For example, when you work with nginx, edit the default config file with:
$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
and add the following snippet:
Note: change the version number of php to your installed version!
location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.3-fpm.sock; }
First test if the nginx
if oke:
sudo nginx -t
And now reload nginx
to apply the changes you made to this config file:
$ sudo service nginx reload
To see if php works now, you can make a php file in /var/www/html/
called test.php
:
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
Now open this file in the browser and see if it works.
Download Mediawiki
Navigate to the folder where you want to install Mediawiki.
In this example we will install it at /var/www/wiki/
:
cd /var/www/wiki/
Download the latest version of Mediawiki and unzip the tar file.
You can copy the link from the Mediawiki download page: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Download
wget https://releases.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/1.38/mediawiki-1.38.4.tar.gz
tar xf mediawiki-1.38.4.tar.gz
Rename the wiki folder something short, like "wiki".
mv mediawiki-1.38.4 wiki
Configure the URL
To connect the folder /var/www/wiki/
to an url like https://hub.xpub.nl/soupboat/wiki/
we need to edit the configuration file of the webserver.
$ sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/default
Add the following lines:
location /wiki { alias /var/www/wiki/; index index.php; }
See if it works: https://hub.xpub.nl/soupboat/wiki/
Database
By default you can log in to MariaDB with the root user and the root password.
However, it's a *good idea* to create a dedicated database + database user for your wiki. In this way you can easily back it up (and eventually restore it) with a simple mysqldump
command. Also, it helps to keep different projects separate from each other. See the Mysql page on how to do this. Once you do this add the database name, user name, and password to the Mediawiki setup page when requested.
We will now make a dedicated database for your wiki.
First log in into MariaDB as root:
$ sudo mysql -u root
Create a new database:
(Note: replace "NAMEOFYOURDATABASE" with the name of your wiki, for example: mywiki.)
CREATE DATABASE NAMEOFYOURDATABASE;
Create a dedicated user for this database and assign a password.
Write this password down, you will need it later to configure the wiki.
(Note: replace "USERNAME" and "SOMEPASSWORD" with something else.)
CREATE USER 'USERNAME'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'SOMEPASSWORD';
Give this user the rights to edit the database:
GRANT ALL ON NAMEOFYOURDATABASE.* TO 'USERNAME'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Check if it worked:
SHOW GRANTS FOR 'USERNAME'@'localhost';
Exit MariaDB:
quit
Setup your Mediawiki
Now go to the wiki setup script: https://hub.xpub.nl/soupboat/wiki/
(Or wherever you installed your wiki of course!)
In step 2 you can use your database settings as configured in the above step. The database prefix can be left empty.
Give the wiki a name and fill in the administrator account info. When in doubt, leave things at the default values.
At the end, download the LocalSettings.php file.
Upload LocalSettings.php
Upload the LocalSettings.php file you just downloaded to the folder of your wiki: /var/www/wiki/
.
The wiki should work now!
Try it out by opening your wiki: https://hub.xpub.nl/soupboat/wiki/
Point your browser to the URL of your wiki, and see if it works!
NOTE: Special:Version
is a useful page to see the metadat of your wiki!
When installing the wiki on a sandbox server
However for a sandbox server you have to tweak one line in the LocalSettings.php file.
Open the file with a text editor (like nano
) and look for:
$wgScriptPath = "/wiki";
and change it to:
$wgScriptPath = "/soupboat/wiki";
Enable uploads
Enable uploads in your LocalSettings.php:
$wgEnableUploads = true; # Enable uploads
and change permissions of the images folder:
$ sudo chgrp www-data /var/www/wiki/images $ sudo chmod 775 /var/www/wiki/images
From: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuring_file_uploads
Change upload size
You can change the upload size limit in the php.ini file (this is the configuration file for php).
See where it is at the server with:
$ php --ini
Open the php.ini file with nano
:
$ sudo nano /path/to/file/php.ini
Search for upload_max_filesize
and post_max_size
and change the values to your desired upload size, for example to: 32M
Since we're running php through fpm, we need to restart the php-fpm service to apply these changes.
Check which version you are running:
$ sudo service --status-all
Then restart the service, replace "X" with the version number you are using:
$ sudo service php7.X-fpm restart
Next to this, you also need to configure the upload size in your LocalSettings.php
file, add the following:
[SOON]
Try to upload a file to see if it works.
Who is editing?
How open/closed do you want your wiki to be?
- public, everyone can edit
- public, only people with accounts can edit, account creation is open
- public, only people with accounts can edit, account creation is closed
- non-public, only you can edit
Back up your wiki
You can make a copy of the wiki's database with mysqldump
:
$ mysqldump -u DBUSER DBNAME > DBNAME.sql
Next to the database, you will also need to back up:
LocalSettings.php
images/
extension/
You can compress these files into one .tar
file:
$ tar -czvf backup.tar.gz DBNAME.sql LocalSettings.php images extensions
This is your back up now, you can move it to a safe place, for example another computer/hard drive/usb stick/...
When you need the files, you can extract this tar file again with:
$ tar -xzvf backup.tar.gz
Extensions
You can find lists of extensions on the MediaWiki wiki: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Category:Extensions
There are instructions on the MediaWiki page of the extension about the installations.
But basically you follow the following steps.
Copy the extension to:
/var/www/wiki/extensions
And then activate it in your LocalSettings.php:
/var/www/wiki/extensions/LocalSettings.php
with the following line:
wfLoadExtension( 'NAMEOFYOUREXTENSION' );
If it is installed correctly, it should show up on this page:
URL-TO-YOUR-WIKI/Special:Version
Customizing
Choose a skin
See: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Category:All_skins + https://skins.wmflabs.org/#/explore
You can find instructions regarding how to install the skin on the MediaWiki page for the skin, for example this is the page for the Vector skin: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Skin:Vector
Tweaking the skin
You can edit the CSS of the skin at this wiki page: MediaWiki:Common.css
And leave javascript code here: MediaWiki:Common.js
Edit the menu: MediaWiki:Sidebar
Edit system texts: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:System_message
You can find all system texts at:
Special:AllMessages
See also
- Wiki: more context of the MediaWiki software
- Wiki_Tutorial: a guide for the MediaWiki syntax and editing
- https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Installing_MediaWiki
- Setting up a mediawiki instance on the sandbox
- Rita's Notes
- https://pad.xpub.nl/p/mediawiki-install-party (MediaWiki install party in 2021)